Gennaretti - Lake L16 Quebec - PCMA - ITRDB CANA460 Gennaretti, F.; Arseneault, D. Gennaretti, F. Arseneault, D. PCMA Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns, & Poggenb. black spruce earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16010; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16022; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16053; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16064; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16078; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16103; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16104; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16108; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16114; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V1J; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V07; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16008; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16009; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16020; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16024; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16025; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16026; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16029; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16055; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16060; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16066; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16102; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16106; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16115; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V04; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V11; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V13; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16003; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16027; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16056; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16079; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16082; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16089; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16101; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V3Y; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16019; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16021; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16035; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16070; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16075; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16111; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V1Y; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V01; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V02; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V08; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V10; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V14; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16005; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16083; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16085; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16099; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16100; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16B35; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16004; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16007; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16013; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16014; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16018; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16030; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16057; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16058; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16063; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16072; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16098; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16107; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V5J; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V5Y; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V9J; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V03; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V05; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V15; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (age,null,null,year Common Era,null,tree ring,null,null,N,null) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16001; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16002; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16012; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16015; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16033; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16054; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16065; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16069; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16074; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16077; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16096; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16097; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V2Y; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V7J; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16032; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16050; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16051; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16059; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16068; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16073; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16076; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16090; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16094; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16B57; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V3J; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V4Y; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V06; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V09; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree ring (total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: L16V12; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999) earth science/paleoclimate/tree-ring (Lake L16>LATITUDE 54.1>LONGITUDE -71.63) Dated records of ice-cap growth from Arctic Canada recently suggested that a succession of strong volcanic eruptions forced an abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age between A.D. 1275 and 1300 [Miller GH, et al. (2012) Geophys Res Lett 39(2):L02708, 10.1029/2011GL050168]. Although this idea is supported by simulation experiments with general circulation models, additional support from field data are limited. In particular, the Northern Hemisphere network of temperature-sensitive millennial tree-ring chronologies, which principally comprises Eurasian sites, suggests that the strongest eruptions only caused cooling episodes lasting less than about 10 y. Here we present a new network of millennial tree-ring chronologies from the taiga of northeastern North America, which fills a wide gap in the network of the Northern Hemisphere's chronologies suitable for temperature reconstructions and supports the hypothesis that volcanoes triggered both the onset and the coldest episode of the Little Ice Age. Following the well-expressed Medieval Climate Anomaly (approximately A.D. 910-1257), which comprised the warmest decades of the last millennium, our tree-ring-based temperature reconstruction displays an abrupt regime shift toward lower average summer temperatures precisely coinciding with a series of 13th century eruptions centered around the 1257 Samalas event and closely preceding ice-cap expansion in Arctic Canada. Furthermore, the successive 1809 (unknown volcano) and 1815 (Tambora) eruptions triggered a subsequent shift to the coldest 40-y period of the last 1100 y. These results confirm that series of large eruptions may cause region-specific regime shifts in the climate system and that the climate of northeastern North America is especially sensitive to volcanic forcing. STUDY NOTES: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04. NCDC-Paleoclimatology https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data - Bauer Bruce Investigator : Gennaretti, F. Investigator : Arseneault, D. 2014-07-02 ONLINE Files online, ASCII https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16960 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/cana460.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana460.rwl https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana460-noaa.rwl https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/cana460.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana460.rwl https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana460-noaa.rwl English https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16960 https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/cana460.txt https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana460.rwl https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/canada/cana460-noaa.rwl Gennaretti, F.; D. Arseneault, A. Nicault, L. Perreault, and Y. Bégin2014Volcano-induced regime shifts in millennial tree-ring chronologies from northeastern North AmericaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences10.1073/pnas.1324220111http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2014/06/25/1324220111.abstract START YEAR: 774 AD * END YEAR: 2011 AD -71.63 54.1 -71.63 54.1