<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-cave-11819</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Moaning Cave, California 16 - 8 KYrBP Stable Isotope Data </Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Oster, J.L.; Montañez, I.P.; Sharp, W.D.; Cooper, K.M.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Moaning Cave, California 16 - 8 KYrBP Stable Isotope Data </Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2011-07-14</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11819</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>J.L.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Oster</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>I.P.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Montañez</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>W.D.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Sharp</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>K.M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Cooper</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>speleothems</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil PDB,null,speleothems,corrected,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,corrected for ice volume</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>speleothems</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>speleothems</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,calcium carbonate,null,per mil PDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>speleothems</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>carbon isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>speleothems</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>oxygen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>16340 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>8770 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>38.0717</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>38.0717</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-120.4655</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-120.4655</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>520</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>520</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>North America</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>United States Of America</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>California</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Moaning Cave&gt;LATITUDE 38.0717&gt;LONGITUDE -120.4655</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Oster, J.L., I.P. Montañez, W.D. Sharp, and K.M. Cooper. 2009. 
Late Pleistocene California droughts during deglaciation 
and Arctic warming. 
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 288, Issues 3-4, 
pp. 434 - 443, 15 November 2009. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.10.003 

</Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Recent studies document the synchronous nature of shifts in North 
Atlantic regional climate, the intensity of the East Asian monsoon, 
and productivity and precipitation in the Cariaco Basin during the 
last glacial and deglacial period. Yet questions remain as to what 
climate mechanisms influenced continental regions far removed from 
the North Atlantic and beyond the direct influence of the 
inter-tropical convergence zone.  Here, we present U-series 
calibrated stable isotopic and trace element time series for a 
speleothem from Moaning Cave on the western slope of the central 
Sierra Nevada, California that documents changes in precipitation 
that are approximately coeval with Greenland temperature changes 
for the period 16.5 to 8.8 ka. 
From 16.5 to 10.6 ka, the Moaning Cave stalagmite proxies record 
drier and possibly warmer conditions, signified by elevated d18O, 
d13C, [Mg], [Sr], and [Ba] and more radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr, during 
Northern Hemisphere warm periods (Bølling, early and late Allerød) 
and wetter and possibly colder conditions during Northern Hemisphere 
cool periods (Older Dryas, Inter-Allerød Cold Period, and Younger 
Dryas). Moaning Cave stable isotope records indicate that wet 
conditions persisted in this area well beyond 11.5 ka, suggesting 
the effects of the Younger Dryas event may have been longer lived 
in the western Sierra Nevada than in Greenland. However, a shifting 
drip center and corresponding change in seepage water routing may 
have influenced the trace element records between 10.6 and 9.6 ka. 
Linkages between northern high-latitude climate and precipitation 
in the Sierra Nevada suggested here could indicate that, under 
conditions of continued global warming, this drought-prone region 
may experience a reduction in Pacific-sourced moisture. 
 
          STUDY NOTES: Stable oxygen and carbon isotope data from a U-series dated 
stalagmite from Moaning Cave, Sierra Nevada foothills, California. 
Oxygen isotope data has been corrected for variations in seawater 
delta 18O with sea level using Fleming et al., 1998. 
Both oxygen and carbon isotope records display shifts that are 
approximately coeval with changes in Greenland temperature 
between 8.7 and 16.5 ka. 
</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/california/moaning2009.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/california/moaning2009.xls</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
