noaa-cave-12194
Northern Spain 4000 Year Stalagmite d13C and Temperature Reconstruction
Martín-Chivelet, J.; Muñoz-García, M.B.; Edwards, R.L.; Turrero, M.J.; Ortega, A.I.
Northern Spain 4000 Year Stalagmite d13C and Temperature Reconstruction
2011-09-26
NCDC-Paleoclimatology
ONLINE Files
Pending
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12194
Investigator
J.
Martín-Chivelet
Investigator
M.B.
Muñoz-García
Investigator
R.L.
Edwards
Investigator
M.J.
Turrero
Investigator
A.I.
Ortega
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|speleothems
surface air temperature,delta 13C,null,degree Celsius,annual,climate reconstructions|speleothems,anomalized,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|speleothems
age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,climate reconstructions|speleothems,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
speleothems
sample identification,null,null,null,null,speleothems,null,null,C,null
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|speleothems
surface air temperature,delta 13C,null,degree Celsius,annual,climate reconstructions|speleothems,anomalized|smoothed,null,N,10 year running mean
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|speleothems
age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|speleothems,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
speleothems
delta 13C,calcium carbonate,null,standard deviation unit,null,speleothems,anomalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,anomalized relative to 380-1280 CE
earth science
paleoclimate
speleothems
carbon isotopes
geoscientificInformation
Air Temperature Reconstruction
-1949 AD
2000 AD
3899 cal yr BP
-50 cal yr BP
Complete
42.3481
43.04
-4.3728
-3.5164
860
1640
Continent
Europe
Southern Europe
Spain
Kaite Cave>LATITUDE 43.04>LONGITUDE -3.6597
Continent
Europe
Southern Europe
Spain
Cueva del Cobre>LATITUDE 42.9872>LONGITUDE -4.3728
Continent
Europe
Southern Europe
Spain
Cueva Mayor>LATITUDE 42.3481>LONGITUDE -3.5164
None
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English
DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI
National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data
DATA Center Contact
Bruce
Bauer
bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov
paleo@noaa.gov
303-497-6280
303-497-6513
325 Broadway, E/NE31
Boulder
CO
80305-3328
USA
online
ASCII
Martín-Chivelet, J., M.B. Muñoz-García, R.L. Edwards, M.J. Turrero,
and A.I. Ortega. 2011.
Land surface temperature changes in Northern Iberia since 4000 yr BP,
based on d13C of speleothems.
Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 77, Issues 1-2, May 2011, pp. 1-12.
doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.02.002.
The surface temperature changes for the last 4000 years in northern
inland Iberia (an area particularly sensitive to climate change)
are determined by a high resolution study of carbon stable isotope
records of stalagmites from three caves (Kaite, Cueva del Cobre,
and Cueva Mayor) separated several tens of kilometers away in N Spain.
Despite the local conditions of each cave, the isotopic series show
a good overall coherence, and resulted to be strongly sensitive to
surface temperature changes. The record reflects alternating warmer
and colder intervals, always within a temperature range of 1.6 °C.
The timing and duration of the intervals were provided by 43
230Th-234U (ICP-MS) ages. Main climatic recognized periods are:
(1) 3950-3000 yr BP: warm period punctuated by cool events around
~3950, 3550 and 3250 yr BP; (2) 2850-2500 yr BP cold interval
(Iron Age Cold Period); (3) 2500-1650 yr BP moderate warm period
(Roman Warm Period), with maximum temperatures between 2150 and
1750 yr BP; (4) 1650-1350 yr BP cold interval (Dark Ages Cold Period),
with a thermal minimum at ~1500 yr BP; (5) 1350-750 yr BP warm period
(Medieval Warm Period) punctuated by two cooler events at ~1250 and
~850 yr BP; (6) 750-100 yr BP cold period (Little Ice Age) with
extremes occurring at 600-500 yr BP, 350-300 yr BP, and 150100 yr BP;
and (7) the last 150 years, characterized by rapid but no linear
warming (Modern Warming). Remarkably, the presented records allow
direct comparison of recent warming with former warm intervals
such as the Roman or the Medieval periods. That comparison reveals
the 20th century as the time with highest surface temperatures
of the last 4000 years for the studied area. Spectral analysis
of the time series shows consistent climatic cycles of ~400,
~900 and ~1300 yr, comparable with those recognized in the
North Atlantic marine record, the Greenland ice cores, and other
terrestrial records for the middle-late Holocene, suggesting common
climate forcing mechanisms related to changes in solar irradiance
and North Atlantic circulation patterns.
STUDY NOTES: Carbon stable isotope stacked series for the last 4000 years
derived from three stalagmites of three caves of N Spain
(Kaite, Cobre, and Cueva Mayor). Age model is based in 43 230Th
absolute ages. Analyses for age-dating were conducted at the
University of Minnesota by means of ICP-MS. Carbon isotope data
are expressed as absolute deviation values i.e., the absolute
difference between that each d13C(V-PDB) value and a reference
value for each stalagmite. This reference value is the average
d13C of each stalagmite for the time interval between 1570
and 670 yr BP - the longest interval of continuous and
simultaneous growing of the three stalagmites. For each
measurement, approximately 100ug of powder sample were drilled
from petrographical thin sections of the axial part of the
stalagmites, and analyzed with an on-line, automated, carbonate
preparation system (Kiel III), linked to a Finnigan MAT-252 ratio
mass spectrometer at the University of Minnesota Isotope Lab.
The 13C data is translated into relative temperature estimates
by means of a transfer function based in cross correlation
between instrumental series of temperatures and d13C values
in stalagmite SLX1 (estimated error ±0.26 °C).
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/spain/nspain2011d13ct.xls
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/spain/nspain2011d13ct.txt
USA/NOAA
DIF
Version 9.8.4
2018-12-11
2018-12-11