noaa-cave-16517 Leviathan Chronology, Nevada 175KYr Stalagmite d18O Data Lachniet, M.S.; Denniston, R.F.; Asmerom, Y.; Polyak, V.J. Leviathan Chronology, Nevada 175KYr Stalagmite d18O Data 2014-05-29 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16517 Investigator M.S. Lachniet Investigator R.F. Denniston Investigator Y. Asmerom Investigator V.J. Polyak earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,speleothems,null,null,N,present defined as 2000 CE earth science paleoclimate speleothems sample identification,null,null,null,null,speleothems,null,null,C,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,averaged from multiple samples earth science paleoclimate speleothems oxygen isotopes geoscientificInformation Milankovitch 174100 cal yr BP 0 cal yr BP Complete 35.97 39 -115.58 -114.2 1792 2400 Continent North America United States Of America Nevada Pinnacle Cave>LATITUDE 35.97>LONGITUDE -115.5 Continent North America United States Of America Nevada Lehman Cave>LATITUDE 39>LONGITUDE -114.2 Continent North America United States Of America Nevada Leviathan Cave>LATITUDE 37.89>LONGITUDE -115.58 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Matthew S. Lachniet, Rhawn F. Denniston, Yemane Asmerom, Victor J. Polyak 2014 Nature Communications 5 10.1038/ncomms4805 http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140502/ncomms4805/full/ncomms4805.html Jeremy D. Shakun, Stephen J. Burns, Peter U. Clark, Hai Cheng and R. Lawrence Edwards 2011 Geophysical Research Letters 38 18 10.1029/2011GL048560 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2011GL048560/abstract

The now arid Great Basin of western North America hosted expansive late Quaternary pluvial lakes, yet the climate forcings that sustained large ice age hydrologic variations remain controversial. Here we present a 175,000 year oxygen isotope record from precisely-dated speleothems that documents a previously unrecognized and highly sensitive link between Great Basin climate and orbital forcing. Our data match the phasing and amplitudes of 65°N summer insolation, including the classic saw-tooth pattern of global ice volume and on-time terminations. Together with the observation of cold conditions during the marine isotope substage 5d glacial inception, our data document a strong precessional-scale Milankovitch forcing of southwestern paleoclimate. Because the expansion of pluvial lakes was associated with cold glacial conditions, the reappearance of large lakes in the Great Basin is unlikely until ca. 55,000 years into the future as climate remains in a mild non-glacial state over the next half eccentricity cycle. STUDY NOTES: Please refer to these data as the "Leviathan Chronology". Individual stalagmite raw d18O data plus composite, 50-yr interpolated, d18O values with correction applied for the secular change in the d18O of the ocean and the correction for the difference in precipitation d18O values between the sites as determined from multiple regression analysis as described in the Supplemental Information and manuscript text. Ages reported in years before CE 2000. d18O is in permil relative to the VPDB scale, based on calibrated internal standards. The updated Leviathan Chronology V2 (2017) is available at: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22870

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014.xls Excel Data File; Leviathan Chronology and Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014lc1a.txt Data File; Stalagmite LC-1-A Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014lc2.txt Data File; Stalagmite LC-2 Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014lc1b.txt Data File; Stalagmite LC-1-B Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014lmc21.txt Data File; Stalagmite LMC21 Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014.txt Data File; Leviathan Chronology composite d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014lc1c.txt Data File; Stalagmite LC-1-C Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014pc1.txt Data File; Stalagmite PC1 Raw d18O GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/usa/nevada/leviathan2014lmc14.txt Data File; Stalagmite LMC14 Raw d18O USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11