noaa-cave-16998 Guadalcanal Speleothem 600 Year Stable Isotope Data Maupin, C.R.; Partin, J.W.; Shen, C.-C.; Quinn, T.M.; Lin, K.; Taylor, F.W.; Banner, J.L.; Thirumalai, K.; Sinclair, D.J. Guadalcanal Speleothem 600 Year Stable Isotope Data 2014-08-03 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16998 Investigator C.R. Maupin Investigator J.W. Partin Investigator C.-C. Shen Investigator T.M. Quinn Investigator K. Lin Investigator F.W. Taylor Investigator J.L. Banner Investigator K. Thirumalai Investigator D.J. Sinclair earth science paleoclimate speleothems depth,null,null,centimeter,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,95% confidence interval margin of error,year,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 13C,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems carbon isotopes earth science paleoclimate speleothems oxygen isotopes geoscientificInformation Pacific Decadal Oscillation 1423 AD 2010 AD 527 cal yr BP -60 cal yr BP Complete -9.48875 -9.48875 159.9738 159.9738 200 200 Ocean Pacific Ocean South Pacific Ocean Melanesia Solomon Islands Forestry Cave>LATITUDE -9.48875>LONGITUDE 159.9738 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII C.R. Maupin, J.W. Partin, C.-C. Shen, T.M. Quinn, K. Lin, F.W. Taylor, J.L. Banner, K. Thirumalai, and D.J. Sinclair 2014 Climate of the Past 10 4 1319-1332 10.5194/cp-10-1319-2014 http://www.clim-past.net/10/1319/2014/cp-10-1319-2014.html Partin, J.W., T.M. Quinn, C-C Shen, J. Emile-Geay, F.W. Taylor, C.R. Maupin, K. Lin, C.S. Jackson, J.L. Banner, D.J. Sinclair and C.-A. Huh 2013 Geology 41 11 10.1130/G34718.1 https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-abstract/41/11/1143/131033/multidecadal-rainfall-variability-in-south-pacific?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Pacific decadal variability (PDV) causes widespread, persistent fluctuations that affect climate, water resources, and fisheries throughout the Pacific basin, yet the magnitude, frequency, and causes of PDV remain poorly constrained. Here we present an absolutely dated, subannually resolved, 446 yr stable oxygen isotope (d18O) cave record of rainfall variability in Vanuatu (southern Pacific Ocean), a location that has a climate heavily influenced by the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). The d18O-based proxy rainfall record is dominated by changes in stalagmite d18O that are large (~1 permil), quasi-periodic (~50 yr period), and generally abrupt (within 5-10 yr). These isotopic changes imply abrupt rainfall changes of as much as ~1.8 m per wet season, changes that can be ~2.5x larger than the 1976 C.E. shift in rainfall amount associated with a PDV phase switch. The Vanuatu record also shares little commonality with previously documented changes in the Intertropical Convergence Zone during the Little Ice Age or solar forcing. We conclude that multidecadal SPCZ variability is likely of an endogenous nature. Large, spontaneous, and low-frequency changes in SPCZ rainfall during the past 500 yr have important implications for the relative magnitude of natural PDV possible in the coming century. STUDY NOTES: Stalagmite stable isotope (d18O and d13C) data from 2 stalagmites collected in Forestry Cave, on the island of Guadalcanal, in the Solomon Islands. Data consists of a table of 45 U-Th disequilibrium dates, and a table of sample depth, age, and d18O and d13C for continuous transects milled from stalagmites 10FC-02 and 05FC-04 at 500um or 300um increments. Age and age uncertainty (reported here at ±1s) was assigned to each stable isotope measurement using the U-Th dates and the methods of Partin et al. 2013. The top age of 10FC-02 is assumed to be the year of stalagmite collection, 2010. 05FC-04 was collected broken from the cave floor. All dates are reported as Year Common Era (CE). All stable isotope measurements are reported relative to the VPDB standard. Missing stable isotope values are indicated by NaN. NOTE: All U-Th dates, including the last 12, in the manuscript-displayed version of the 10FC-02 U-Th data table are in order of INCREASING depth. The depths displayed with the last 12 dates in the manuscript are numerically accurate, but are not in correct order of increasing depth. The dates themselves, however, are in proper order. Please use the table in this data archive.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/pacific/guadalcanal2014-5fc.txt Data File; Forestry Cave Stalagmite 05FC-04 Stable Isotope Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/pacific/guadalcanal2014-10fc.txt Data File; Forestry Cave Stalagmite 10FC-02 Stable Isotope Data USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2019-04-01 2019-04-01