noaa-cave-21019 Juxtlahuaca Cave, Mexico 2,250 Year d18O Data and Rainfall Reconstruction Lachniet, M.S.; Asmerom, Y.; Polyak, V.J.; Bernal, J.P. Juxtlahuaca Cave, Mexico 2,250 Year d18O Data and Rainfall Reconstruction 2016-12-15 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21019 Investigator M.S. Lachniet Investigator Y. Asmerom Investigator V.J. Polyak Investigator J.P. Bernal earth science paleoclimate speleothems depth,null,null,millimeter,null,speleothems,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|speleothems,null,null,N,U-series and tuned age model earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,standard deviation unit,null,speleothems,composited|normalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,speleothems,null,null,N,JX-7 tuned U-series earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|speleothems precipitation,delta 18O,null,millimeter,May-Nov,climate reconstructions|speleothems,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,speleothems,null,null,N,tuned age model earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,speleothems,null,null,N,U-series age earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,standard deviation unit,null,speleothems,normalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,standard deviation unit,null,speleothems,filtered|normalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,45 year loess filter earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|speleothems,null,null,N,adjusted for 7yr epikarst lag earth science paleoclimate speleothems delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,standard deviation unit,null,speleothems,composited|filtered|normalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,45 year loess filter earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,speleothems,null,null,N,adjusted for 7yr epikarst lag earth science paleoclimate speleothems age,null,null,year Common Era,null,speleothems,null,null,N,JX-6 tuned U-series earth science paleoclimate speleothems oxygen isotopes geoscientificInformation Monsoon Precipitation Reconstruction -248 AD 2009 AD 2198 cal yr BP -59 cal yr BP Complete 17.44 17.44 -99.16 -99.16 927 927 Continent North America Mexico Juxtlahuaca Cave>LATITUDE 17.44>LONGITUDE -99.16 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Matthew S. Lachniet, Yemane Asmerom, Victor Polyak, Juan Pablo Bernal 2017 Quaternary Science Reviews 155 100-113 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.11.012 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379116305352

The drivers of Mesoamerican monsoon variability over the last two millennia remain poorly known because of a lack of precisely-dated and climate-calibrated proxy records. Here, we present a new high resolution (~2 yrs) and precisely-dated (+/- 4 yr) wet season hydroclimate reconstruction for the Mesoamerican sector of the North American Monsoon over the past 2250 years based on two aragonite stalagmites from southwestern Mexico which replicate oxygen isotope variations over the 950-1950 CE interval. The reconstruction is quantitatively calibrated to instrumental rainfall variations in the Basin of Mexico. Comparisons to proxy indices of ocean-atmosphere circulation show a synergistic forcing by the North Atlantic and El Nino/Southern Oscillations, whereby monsoon strengthening coincided with a La Nina-like mode and a negative North Atlantic Oscillation, and vice versa for droughts. Our data suggest that weak monsoon intervals are associated with a strong North Atlantic subtropical high pressure system and a weak Intertropical convergence zone in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Population expansions at three major highland Mexico civilization of Teotihuacan, Tula, and Aztec Tenochtitlan were all associated with drought to pluvial transitions, suggesting that urban population growth was favored by increasing freshwater availability in the semi-arid Mexican highlands, and that this hydroclimatic change was controlled by Pacific and Atlantic Ocean forcing. STUDY NOTES: Stalagmite oxygen isotope (d18O) data composite (JX chronology), plus Mesoamerican monsoon (May-November) precipitation reconstruction from Juxtlahuaca Cave, Mexico, for the past 2,250 years

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2017jx6z.txt Data File; Stalagmite JX-6 d18O z-scores GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2017jx718o.txt Data File; Stalagmite JX-7 d18O Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2017jxchron.txt Data File; JX Chronology and Rainfall Reconstruction GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2017jx7z.txt Data File; Stalagmite JX-7 d18O z-scores GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/mexico/juxtlahuaca2017.xlsx Excel Data File; JX Chronology, d18O Data, z-scores, and Rainfall Reconstruction USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11