<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-coral-1895</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Pohnpei - Heavy Metals and Oxygen Isotope Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Inoue, M.; Suzuki, A.; Nohara, M.; Kan, H.; Edward, A.; Kawahata, H.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Pohnpei - Heavy Metals and Oxygen Isotope Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2004-07-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/1895</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Inoue</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Suzuki</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Nohara</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>H.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kan</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Edward</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>H.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kawahata</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Porites sp.,null,per mil VPDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>copper/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,differenced,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>sample identification,null,null,null,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>copper/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>tin/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>tin/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,differenced,inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,millimeter,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>oxygen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>corals and sclerosponges</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>trace metals</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>1960 AD</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>1999 AD</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>-10 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>-49 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>6.97</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>6.97</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>158.22</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>158.22</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Ocean</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Pacific Ocean</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>Western Pacific Ocean</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>Micronesia</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Pohnpei&gt;LATITUDE 6.97&gt;LONGITUDE 158.22</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Inoue, M., A. Suzuki, M. Nohara, H. Kan, A. Edward, and H. Kawahata. 2004. Coral skeletal tin and copper concentrations at Pohnpei, Micronesia: possible index for marine pollution by toxic anti-biofouling paints. Environmental Pollution, 129:399-407.</Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>We present 40 year-long skeletal chronologies of tin (Sn) and copper (Cu) from an annually-banded coral (Porites sp.) collected from Pohnpei Island, Micronesia (western equatorial Pacific). Both the elements are present in antifouling marine paints and are released inadvertently into ambient sweater. Especially, Sn has often been used in the form of tributylin (TBT). Based on a step-wise pretreatment examination, Sn and Cu both inside and outside the aragonite lattice of the coral skeleton show a potential for providing marine pollution indicators. High values of extra-skeletal Cu/Ca and Sn/Ca atomic ratios were found between late 1960s and late 1980s during a period of active use of TBT-based antifouling paints worldwide. However, a significant decrease in both the ratios in the beginning of 1990s can be attributed to regulation of the uses of TBT on cargo ships by countries such as the USA, Japan and Australia.</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/west_pacific/pohnpei2004.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
