noaa-coral-22056 Tropical Ocean Sr/Ca and U/Ca Data for the Twentieth Century Alpert, A.E.; Cohen, A.L.; Oppo, D.W.; DeCarlo, T.M.; Gaetani, G.A.; Hernandez-Delgado, E.; Winter, A.; Gonneea, M. Tropical Ocean Sr/Ca and U/Ca Data for the Twentieth Century 2017-05-01 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22056 Investigator A.E. Alpert Investigator A.L. Cohen Investigator D.W. Oppo Investigator T.M. DeCarlo Investigator G.A. Gaetani Investigator E. Hernandez-Delgado Investigator A. Winter Investigator M. Gonneea earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges depth,null,null,millimeter,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,Distance along drill track earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Orbicella annularis,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Orbicella annularis,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Orbicella faveolata,one standard deviation,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Siderastrea siderea,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Orbicella franksi,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Diploria labyrinthiformis,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Diploria labyrinthiformis,one standard deviation,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Siderastrea siderea,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Pocillopora damicornus,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Orbicella annularis,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate instrumental sea surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,instrumental,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges age,null,null,year Common Era,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Pocillopora damicornus,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Orbicella faveolata,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Porites sp.,one standard deviation,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Siderastrea siderea,one standard deviation,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Diploria labyrinthiformis,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Diploria labyrinthiformis,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Pocillopora damicornus,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Siderastrea siderea,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Orbicella faveolata,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Orbicella faveolata,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Orbicella annularis,one standard deviation,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges notes,null,null,null,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,C,Branch A or B earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges strontium/calcium,Porites sp.,one standard deviation,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Orbicella franksi,null,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges uranium/calcium,Pocillopora damicornus,one standard deviation,micromole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,raw,inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,N,null earth science paleoclimate corals and sclerosponges chemistry geoscientificInformation 1900 AD 2015 AD 50 cal yr BP -65 cal yr BP Complete -.37167 32.316667 -162.12 134.5602 -9 -3 Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Jarvis Island>LATITUDE -.37167>LONGITUDE -159.983 Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Puerto Rico Mona Island, PR>LATITUDE 18.1153>LONGITUDE -67.9374 Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Puerto Rico Pinacles, PR>LATITUDE 17.93>LONGITUDE -67.01 Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Virgin Islands Jack's Bay, St. Croix>LATITUDE 17.74>LONGITUDE -64.58 Ocean Pacific Ocean Central Pacific Ocean Palmyra Island>LATITUDE 5.8664>LONGITUDE -162.12 Ocean Pacific Ocean Western Pacific Ocean Micronesia Palau Airai>LATITUDE 7.3321>LONGITUDE 134.5602 Continent North America Mexico Yucatan Jardin>LATITUDE 20.8321>LONGITUDE -86.8789 Ocean Pacific Ocean Western Pacific Ocean Micronesia Palau Nikko Bay>LATITUDE 7.3248>LONGITUDE 134.4684 Ocean Pacific Ocean Western Pacific Ocean Micronesia Palau Uchelbeluu>LATITUDE 7.267>LONGITUDE 134.521 Continent North America Central America Panama Canales Norte>LATITUDE 9.73>LONGITUDE -81.58 Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Bermuda John Smith's Bay>LATITUDE 32.316667>LONGITUDE -64.716667 Ocean Indian Ocean Red Sea Tower 721, Red Sea>LATITUDE 22.0314>LONGITUDE 38.8778 Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Curacao South of Daaiboorbaai>LATITUDE 12.2021>LONGITUDE -69.0829 Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Atlantic Ocean Caribbean Sea Puerto Rico Mayaguez Bay, Puerto Rico>LATITUDE 18.2>LONGITUDE -67.2 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Alpert, A.E., A.L. Cohen, D.W. Oppo, T.M. DeCarlo, G.A. Gaetani, E.A. Hernandez-Delgado, A. Winter, and M.E. Gonneea 2017 Paleoceanography 32 2 146-160 10.1002/2016PA002976 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016PA002976/full

Coral skeletons are valuable archives of past ocean conditions. However, interpretation of coral paleotemperature records is confounded by uncertainties associated with single-element ratio thermometers, including Sr/Ca. A new approach, Sr-U, uses U/Ca to constrain the influence of Rayleigh fractionation on Sr/Ca. Here we build on the initial Pacific Porites Sr-U calibration to include multiple Atlantic and Pacific coral genera from multiple coral reef locations spanning a temperature range of 23.15–30.12°C. Accounting for the wintertime growth cessation of one Bermuda coral, we show that Sr-U is strongly correlated with the average water temperature at each location (r2 = 0.91, P < 0.001, n = 19). We applied the multispecies spatial calibration between Sr-U and temperature to reconstruct a 96 year long temperature record at Mona Island, Puerto Rico, using a coral not included in the calibration. Average Sr-U derived temperature for the period 1900–1996 is within 0.12°C of the average instrumental temperature at this site and captures the twentieth century warming trend of 0.06°C per decade. Sr-U also captures the timing of multiyear variability but with higher amplitude than implied by the instrumental data. Mean Sr-U temperatures and patterns of multiyear variability were replicated in a second coral in the same grid box. Conversely, Sr/Ca records from the same two corals were inconsistent with each other and failed to capture absolute sea temperatures, timing of multiyear variability, or the twentieth century warming trend. Our results suggest that coral Sr-U paleothermometry is a promising new tool for reconstruction of past ocean temperatures. STUDY NOTES: Chronology based on band counting of CT scan. Provided Keywords: biomineralization, SST

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