noaa-fire-18075 Heyerdahl fire data from McKay Creek, central Oregon - IMPD USKAY001 Heyerdahl, E.K.; Falk, D.A.; Loehman, R.A. Heyerdahl fire data from McKay Creek, central Oregon - IMPD USKAY001 2015-02-25 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18075 Investigator E.K. Heyerdahl Investigator D.A. Falk Investigator R.A. Loehman earth science paleoclimate fire history|tree ring tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,null,null,null,fire history|tree ring,null,null,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes earth science paleoclimate sample identification,null,null,null,null,,null,null,C,Tree ID earth science paleoclimate fire history|tree ring age,null,null,null,null,fire history|tree ring,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate fire history|tree ring tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,null,null,null,fire history|tree ring,null,null,C,null earth science paleoclimate fire history fire scar dates earth science paleoclimate fire history establishment dates geoscientificInformation PIPO Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson ponderosa pine western yellow pine LAOC Larix occidentalis Nutt. western larch JUOC Juniperus occidentalis Hook. western juniper ABGR Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. grand fir giant fir PSME Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco Douglas-fir 1339 AD 2010 AD 611 cal yr BP -60 cal yr BP Complete 44.4855 44.4855 -120.6445 -120.6445 1487 1487 Continent North America United States Of America Oregon McKay Creek>LATITUDE 44.4855>LONGITUDE -120.6445 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Merschel, A.G., T.A. Spies, and E.K. Heyerdahl 2014 Ecological Applications 24 1670–1688 http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1585.1

Dry mixed-conifer forests are widespread in the interior west of North America, but their historical fire regimes are poorly understood. We reconstructed a multicentury history of the spatial complexity in forest fire regimes (frequency, severity, and extent) in dry mixed-conifer forests in central Oregon. We sampled four 30-plot grids over 3,222 ha, one in the eastern Cascade Range and three in the Ochoco Mountains. All four sites are currently dominated by grand fir, Douglas-fir, and ponderosa pine with varying, but minor, amounts of western larch, incense cedar, or western juniper growing fine-grained mosaics. We sampled 4,065 trees to determine their recruitment dates and/or the dates of surface fires and used these to reconstruct remarkably similar historical fire regimes at all four sites. These regimes were dominated by frequent and often extensive surface fires, but included occasional patches of severe fire. Although forest types varied within sites, historical fire regimes did not vary substantially among these types. STUDY NOTES: This site was sampled as part of a project to reconstruct historical fire regimes in central Oregon. White fir (Abies concolor) and grand fir (Abies grandis) hybridize in the sampling area and are difficult to identify in the field so we did not attempt to distinguish between these two species, but report them as a combined category. Ring-boundary fire scars were assigned to the preceding calendar year. Several metadata files are provided with the FHX file. -999 in any file indicates no data. Four supplemental information files are located at URL - http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/ : (1) uskay001_plot_data.csv provides information on the plots. (2) uskay001_saplings.csv provides information on small trees that we did not attempt to remove wood samples from. These trees were tallied in each plot by species and diameter class (measured at breast height, 1.4 m) in 5.6-m radius plots. Diameter classes: 2.5 (0-5 cm), 7.5 (5-10 cm), 15 (10-20 cm). (3) uskay001_scarred_tree_info.csv provides information on fire-scarred trees, including ones we also sampled for recruitment date. (4) uskay001_undatable_trees.csv provides information on trees from which it did not appear that we could obtain intact wood samples. We identified four forest types in the eastern Cascades and four analogous types with lower densities in the Ochoco Mountains. All types historically contained ponderosa pine, but differ in the historical and modern proportions of shade-tolerant versus intolerant tree species. The Persistent Ponderosa Pine and Recent Douglas-fir types occupied relatively hot-dry environments compared to Recent Grand Fir and Persistent Shade Tolerant sites, which occupied warm-moist and cold-wet environments, respectively. Twentieth-century selective harvesting halved the density of large trees, with some variation among forest types. In contrast, the density of small trees doubled or tripled early in the 20th century, likely due to land-use change and a relatively cool-wet climate. Contrary to the common perception that dry ponderosa pine forests are the most highly departed from historical conditions, we found a greater departure in the modern composition of small trees in warm-moist environments than in either hot-dry or cold-wet environments. Furthermore, shade tolerants began infilling earlier in cold-wet than in hot-dry environments and also in topographically shaded sites in the Ochoco Mountains. Our new classification could be used to prioritize management that seeks to restore structure and composition or create resilience in mixed-conifer forests of the region.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/establishment/northamerica/uskay001.dat Establishment Data; uskay001.dat GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/uskay001-plot-data.csv Supplemental Data; uskay001-plot-data.csv GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/uskay-scarred-tree-info.csv Supplemental Data; uskay-scarred-tree-info.csv GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uskay001.fhx Fire Scar Data; uskay001.fhx GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uskay001.txt More Information; uskay001.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/uskay001-fire-hist-graph.png Fire History Graph; uskay001-fire-hist-graph.png GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/uskay-saplings.csv Supplemental Data; uskay-saplings.csv GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/uskay001-undatable-trees.csv Supplemental Data; uskay001-undatable-trees.csv GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/uskay001-fire-hist-graph.pdf Fire History Graph; uskay001-fire-hist-graph.pdf USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11