noaa-fire-21587 Yocom fire data from San Onofre, Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo León, Mexico - IMPD MXSO-001 Yocom, L.L.; Fulé, P.Z. Yocom fire data from San Onofre, Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo León, Mexico - IMPD MXSO-001 2017-03-03 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21587 Investigator L.L. Yocom Investigator P.Z. Fulé earth science paleoclimate fire history|tree ring tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,null,null,null,fire history|tree ring,null,null,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes earth science paleoclimate fire history|tree ring age,null,null,null,null,fire history|tree ring,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate fire history fire scar dates geoscientificInformation PIHR Pinus hartwegii Lindl. Mexican Mountain pine 1510 AD 1997 AD 440 cal yr BP -47 cal yr BP Complete 23.8 23.8 -99.85 -99.85 3200 3200 Continent North America Mexico San Onofre>LATITUDE 23.8>LONGITUDE -99.85 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Yocom, L.L., P.Z. Fulé, P.M. Brown, J. Cerano, J. Villanueva-Díaz, D.A. Falk, and E. Cornejo-Oviedo 2010 Ecology 91 1660-1671 http://www.jstor.org/stable/25680407 Yocom Kent, L.L., P.Z. Fulé, P.M. Brown, J. Cerano, E. Cornejo-Oviedo, C. Cortés Montaño, S.A. Drury, D.A. Falk, J. Meunier, H.M. Poulos, C.N. Skinner, S.L. Stephens, J. Villanueva-Díaz 2017 Ecosphere 3 8 Article e01709

The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate-forcing mechanism that has been shown to affect precipitation and the occurrence of wildfires in many parts of the world. In the southern United States and northern Mexico, warm events (El Niño) are associated with moist winter conditions and fewer fires, while cool events (La Niña) tend to favor dry winters and more fires. We tested this relationship in a region of northeastern Mexico by characterizing the historical fire regime and climatic influences. Fire regimes were reconstructed from fire-scar samples collected from 100 trees in three high-elevation sites on Pena Nevada in southern Nuevo Leon. The sites were ~25 ha each, and the site centers were ~1 km apart. The earliest recorded fire occurred in 1521 and the time period we used for analysis was 1645-1929. The sites were characterized by frequent surface fires before the 1920s. In the three sites, mean fire intervals ranged from 8.6 to 9.6 years (all fires) and 11.9 to 18.6 years (fires that scarred >25% of recording trees). The per-tree mean fire return interval was 17 years, and all three sites burned in the same year seven times between 1774 and 1929. After 1929, fires were nearly eliminated in all sites, likely due to human causes. We found a temporal change in the association between ENSO events and fires; before the 1830s La Niña events were significantly associated with fire years, while after the 1830s this association was not significant. In 1998, when the most severe El Niño event of the past century occurred, the three sites experienced severe, stand-replacing fires that killed many trees that had survived multiple surface fires in the past. Prior to the 1830s, fires tended to occur during dry La Niña years, but since then both La Niña and El Niño have been associated with dry years in this region, especially during the last three decades. This result suggests that ENSO effects have changed over time in this location and that phases of ENSO are not consistent indicators of precipitation, fire occurrence, or fire behavior in this area of northeastern Mexico. STUDY NOTES: This site was sampled as part of a project to reconstruct historical fire regimes in northeastern Mexico. Ring-boundary fire scars were assigned to the subsequent calendar year. Fire History Graphs: Fire History Graphs illustrate specific years when fires occurred and how many trees were scarred. They are available in both PDF and PNG formats. The graphs consist of 2 parts, both of which show the X axis (time line) at the bottom with the earliest year of information on the left and the latest on the right. The Fire Index Plot is the topmost plot, and shows two variables: sample depth (the number of recording trees in each year) as a blue line along the left Y axis, compared with the percent trees scarred shown as gray bars along the right Y axis. Below, the Fire Chronology Plot consists of horizontal lines representing injuries by year on individual sampled trees. Symbols are overlain that denote the years containing the dendrochronologically-dated fire scars or injuries. The sample ID of each tree is displayed to the right of each line. The Composite Axis below represents the composite information from all individual series. The symbols used to represent the fire scars or injuries, and the filters used to determine the composite information, are shown in the legend. These graphs were created using the Fire History Analysis and Exploration System (FHAES). See http://www.fhaes.org for more information.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/mxso-001.txt More Information; mxso-001.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/mxso-001.fhx Fire History Data; mxso-001.fhx GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/mxso-001-fire-hist-graph.png Fire History Graph; mxso-001-fire-hist-graph.png GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/fire-hist-graphs/mxso-001-fire-hist-graph.pdf Fire History Graph; mxso-001-fire-hist-graph.pdf USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11