noaa-forcing-12894 9400 Year Cosmogenic Isotope Data and Solar Activity Reconstruction Steinhilber, F.; Abreu, J.; Beer, J.; Brunner, I.; Christl, M.; Fischer, H.; Heikkilä, U.; Kubik, P.W.; Mann, M.E.; McCracken, K.G.; Miller, H.; Miyahara, H.; Oerter, H.; Wilhelms, F. 9400 Year Cosmogenic Isotope Data and Solar Activity Reconstruction 2012-04-04 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12894 Investigator F. Steinhilber Investigator J. Abreu Investigator J. Beer Investigator I. Brunner Investigator M. Christl Investigator H. Fischer Investigator U. Heikkilä Investigator P.W. Kubik Investigator M.E. Mann Investigator K.G. McCracken Investigator H. Miller Investigator H. Miyahara Investigator H. Oerter Investigator F. Wilhelms earth science paleoclimate climate forcing proxy composite,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,1st principal component showing common production rate of 10Be from ice cores and 14C from tree rings; relative to interval 1944-1988 AD earth science paleoclimate climate forcing solar irradiance,null,one standard deviation,watt per square meter,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,uncertainty set to 0.5 W/m^2 for negative phi earth science paleoclimate climate forcing solar modulation potential,null,null,megavolt,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,using the radionuclide production calculations of Masarik & Beer (2009) based on the local interstellar spectrum of Garcia-Munoz et al.(1975) and considering the geomagnetic dipole field by Knudsen et al.(2008) earth science paleoclimate climate forcing solar modulation potential,null,unspecified margin of error,megavolt,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,"obtained with 1000 Monte Carlo runs, considering uncertainty in common production rates and geomagnetic field " earth science paleoclimate climate forcing age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,22-year averages earth science paleoclimate climate forcing proxy composite,null,one standard deviation,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,standard deviation from individual records earth science paleoclimate climate forcing solar irradiance,null,null,watt per square meter,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,given as difference to the value of the PMOD composite during the solar cycle minimum of the year 1986 AD (1365.57 W/m2) as given in Frohlich (2009) earth science paleoclimate climate forcing solar geoscientificInformation Solar Forcing Reconstruction 9389 cal yr BP -27 cal yr BP Complete -90 90 -180 180 Geographic Region Global Global>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Steinhilber, F., J.A. Abreu, J. Beer, I. Brunner, M. Christl, H. Fischer, U. Heikkilä, P.W. Kubik, M. Mann, K.G. McCracken, H. Miller, H. Miyahara, H. Oerter, and F. Wilhelms 2012 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 5967-5971 10.1073/pnas.1118965109

Understanding the temporal variation of cosmic radiation and solar activity during the Holocene is essential for studies of the solar-terrestrial relationship. Cosmic-ray produced radionuclides, such as 10Be and 14C which are stored in polar ice cores and tree rings, offer the unique opportunity to reconstruct the history of cosmic radiation and solar activity over many millennia. Although records from different archives basically agree, they also show some deviations during certain periods. So far most reconstructions were based on only one single radionuclide record, which makes detection and correction of these deviations impossible. Here we combine different 10Be ice core records from Greenland and Antarctica with the global 14C tree ring record using principal component analysis. This approach is only possible due to a new high-resolution 10Be record from Dronning Maud Land obtained within the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica in Antarctica. The new cosmic radiation record enables us to derive total solar irradiance, which is then used as a proxy of solar activity to identify the solar imprint in an Asian climate record. Though generally the agreement between solar forcing and Asian climate is good, there are also periods without any coherence, pointing to other forcings like volcanoes and greenhouse gases and their corresponding feedbacks. The newly derived records have the potential to improve our understanding of the solar dynamics and to quantify the solar influence on climate. STUDY NOTES: Records of common production rate of cosmogenic radionuclides, cosmic ray intensity (solar modulation) and solar activity (total solar irradiance) during the past 9400 years. Common production rate (Figure 3), solar modulation (Figure S13) and total solar irradiance (Figure S14) during the past 9400 years. The records are based on several radionuclide records with high temporal resolution (years) from different sites and of different types (10Be from Antarctica and Greenland, 14C from tree rings). The data are 22-year averages. The common signal is the first principal component which was extracted with principal component analysis. These data are an update to Steinhilber et al. 2009 total solar irradiance data, also archived at the World Data Center for Paleoclimtology: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/solar_variability/steinhilber2009tsi.txt

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/solar_variability/steinhilber2012.xls GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/solar_variability/steinhilber2012.txt USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11