noaa-forcing-14168
Global and Hemispheric 1200 Year Volcanic Climate Forcing Estimates
Crowley, T.J.; Unterman, M.B.
Global and Hemispheric 1200 Year Volcanic Climate Forcing Estimates
2013-03-22
NCDC-Paleoclimatology
ONLINE Files
Pending
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14168
Investigator
T.J.
Crowley
Investigator
M.B.
Unterman
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,attribution
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
effective aerosol radius,null,null,micrometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,0-30 degrees North
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
aerosol optical depth,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,at 550 nanometers; 30-90 degrees North
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
effective aerosol radius,null,null,micrometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,30-90 degrees North
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
aerosol optical depth,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,at 550 nanometers; 30-90 degrees South
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
volcanic sulfate,null,null,kilogram per square kilometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,sulfate; 30-90N
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
aerosol optical depth,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,at 550 nanometers
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
effective aerosol radius,null,null,micrometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
aerosol optical depth,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,at 550 nanometers; 0-30 degrees North
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
aerosol optical depth,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,at 550 nanometers; 0-30 degrees South
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
effective aerosol radius,null,null,micrometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,0-30 degrees South
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
volcanic sulfate,null,null,kilogram per square kilometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,sulfate; 30-90S
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
effective aerosol radius,null,null,micrometer,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,30-90 degrees South
earth science
paleoclimate
climate forcing
volcanic
geoscientificInformation
800 AD
2000 AD
1150 cal yr BP
-50 cal yr BP
Complete
-90
90
-180
180
Geographic Region
Global
Global>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE
Geographic Region
Southern Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE
Geographic Region
Northern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE
None
Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.
English
DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI
National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data
DATA Center Contact
Bruce
Bauer
bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov
paleo@noaa.gov
303-497-6280
303-497-6513
325 Broadway, E/NE31
Boulder
CO
80305-3328
USA
online
ASCII
Crowley, T.J. and M. B. Unterman. 2012.
Technical details concerning development of a 1200-yr proxy index for global volcanism.
Earth System Science Data, Vol. 5, pp. 187-197,
DOI: 10.5194/essd-5-187-2013
This report describes details of developing a volcano forcing reconstruction (Crowley et al., 2008) for climate models that is based primarily on sulphate records in Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. The chronology of eruptions is considered accurate to within 1 yr for the interval AD 1104-2000 and about 2 yr for AD 800-1103. The reconstruction involves (1) calibration against satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) estimates of the 1991 Pinatubo/Hudson eruptions; (2) partial validation against independent lunar estimates of AOD and global sulphate emissions; (3) partial assessment of uncertainties in AOD estimates; (4) assessment of possible tropical "false positives" in ice core reconstructions due to simultaneous occurrence of mid/high-latitude eruptions in each hemisphere; (5) identification of a new category of eruptions, termed "unipolar" tropical eruptions, in which the eruption plume penetrates mainly to polar regions in only the hemisphere of its eruption; (6) use of different growth curves for high- and low-latitude eruptions; (7) specification of 2/3 power shortwave scaling for eruptions larger than the 1991 Pinatubo eruption; (8) introduction of an estimate of effective particle size that affects lifetime and scattering properties of stratospheric aerosols; and (9) utilization of bimonthly-resolution electrical conductivity measurements to estimate the eruption date of the 1258/1259 eruption as 1257.7 +/- 0.2. The data, and a high-temporal resolution reconstruction for climate models, are available at: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:14168.
STUDY NOTES: Supplemental Table 1 - Estimated age and average sulphate flux (kg/km2) of 30-90N composite. Eruptions inferred to have occurred in the tropics are labeled. UP label refers to possible "unipolar" tropical eruption, in which the eruption plume penetrates mainly to polar regions in only the hemisphere of its eruption.
Supplemental Table 2 - Estimated age and average sulphate flux (kg/km2) of 30-90S composite. Eruptions inferred to have occurred in the tropics are labeled.
Supplemental Table 3 - Inferred yearly global average aerosol optical depth (AOD) (at 550 nm) and effective aerosol radius (Reff) in um
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_3090N_REFF_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ici5_aod_reff_c.zip
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/crowley2013so4-nh.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_3090N_AOD_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_030S_AOD_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/crowley2013pmip.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_030N_REFF_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_3090S_AOD_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_030N_AOD_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/crowley2013aod-reff.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/crowley2013so4-sh.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_030S_REFF_c.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/volcanic_aerosols/crowley2013/ICI5_3090S_REFF_c.txt
USA/NOAA
DIF
Version 9.8.4
2019-06-18
2019-06-18