noaa-forcing-23251 Paleo-pCO2 Database Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Data Royer, D. Paleo-pCO2 Database Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Data 2017-12-17 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23251 Investigator D. Royer earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,stratigraphic level earth science paleoclimate climate forcing number of samples,null,null,count,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,number of leaves per sample earth science paleoclimate climate forcing carbon dioxide,null,unspecified margin of error,parts per million,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,how was age determined earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,modern calibration species earth science paleoclimate climate forcing sample identification,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,sample name earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,sample repository earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,location of collection earth science paleoclimate climate forcing age,null,null,million years ago,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing longitude,null,null,degree east,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,person who entered data earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,year specimen originally collected earth science paleoclimate climate forcing carbon dioxide,null,unspecified error lower bound,parts per million,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,CO2 type earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,what is the uncertainty range? earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,family earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,source herbarium earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,geologic formation earth science paleoclimate climate forcing age,null,unspecified error upper bound,million years ago,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,age scale earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,counting method earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,modern calibration regression equation earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,date of data entry earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,genus earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,herbarium sample earth science paleoclimate climate forcing carbon dioxide,null,unspecified error upper bound,parts per million,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing number of samples,null,null,count,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,number of trees per sample earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,species earth science paleoclimate climate forcing age,null,unspecified error lower bound,million years ago,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,calibration error earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,doi earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,greenhouse experiment earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,general notes earth science paleoclimate climate forcing number of samples,null,null,count,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,number of leaves comprising CO2 estimate earth science paleoclimate climate forcing carbon dioxide,null,null,parts per million,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,reported mean CO2 earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,counting box dimensions (micrometer by micrometer) earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,what is the distribution of uncertainties? earth science paleoclimate climate forcing notes,null,null,null,null,climate forcing,null,null,C,citation earth science paleoclimate climate forcing latitude,null,null,degree north,null,climate forcing,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing carbon dioxide geoscientificInformation 65400000 cal yr BP 15200000 cal yr BP Complete -90 90 -180 180 Geographic Region Global Global>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Dana L. Royer, Scott L. Wing, David J. Beerling, David W. Jolley, Paul L. Koch, Leo J. Hickey, Robert A. Berner 2001 Science 292 5525 2310-2313 10.1126/science.292.5525.2310 http://science.sciencemag.org/content/292/5525/2310 D.J. Beerling, B.H. Lomax, D.L. Royer, G.R. Upchurch, Jr., and L.R. Kump 2002 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99 12 7836-7840 10.1073/pnas.122573099 http://www.pnas.org/content/99/12/7836

Understanding the link between the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) and Earth's temperature underpins much of paleoclimatology and our predictions of future global warming. Here, we use the inverse relationship between leaf stomatal indices and the partial pressure of CO2 in modern Ginkgo bilobaand Metasequoia glyptostroboides to develop a CO2 reconstruction based on fossil Ginkgo and Metasequoia cuticles for the middle Paleocene to early Eocene and middle Miocene. Our reconstruction indicates that CO2 remained between 300 and 450 parts per million by volume for these intervals with the exception of a single high estimate near the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. These results suggest that factors in addition to CO2 are required to explain these past intervals of global warmth. STUDY NOTES: Paleo-CO2 data derived from fossil Ginkgo and Metasequoia leaf stomata measurements, from Royer et al. 2001 and Beerling et al. 2002, contributed to the Paleo-pCO2 Database.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/royer2001stomata.xlsx Excel Data File; Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/royer2001stomata-calib.txt NOAA Template File; Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Calibration Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/royer2001stomata.txt NOAA Template File; Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/royer2001stomata-calib.xlsx Excel Data File; Cenozoic Stomatal CO2 Calibration Data USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11