noaa-forcing-24331 Paleo-pCO2 Database ODP999 Plio-Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data Martínez-Botí, M.A.; Foster, G.L.; Chalk, T.B.; Rohling, E.J.; Sexton, P.F.; Lunt, D.J.; Pancost, R.D.; Badger, M.P.S.; Schmidt, D.N. Paleo-pCO2 Database ODP999 Plio-Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data 2018-05-30 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24331 Investigator M.A. Martínez-Botí Investigator G.L. Foster Investigator T.B. Chalk Investigator E.J. Rohling Investigator P.F. Sexton Investigator D.J. Lunt Investigator R.D. Pancost Investigator M.P.S. Badger Investigator D.N. Schmidt earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography pH,delta 11B,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing|paleoceanography carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,two standard deviations upper bound,parts per million,null,climate forcing|paleoceanography,null,null,N,based on 11B of G. ruber white earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,millimole per mole,null,paleoceanography,null,null,,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 11B,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,per mil,null,paleoceanography,null,ion chromatography|multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing|paleoceanography carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,two standard deviations lower bound,parts per million,null,climate forcing|paleoceanography,null,null,N,based on 11B of G. ruber white earth science paleoclimate climate forcing|climate reconstructions|paleoceanography age,null,null,million years ago,null,climate forcing|climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 11B,Globigerinoides ruber white,two standard deviations,per mil,null,paleoceanography,null,ion chromatography|multiple collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography pH,delta 11B,two standard deviations upper bound,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography pH,delta 11B,two standard deviations lower bound,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate forcing|paleoceanography carbon dioxide,bulk atmosphere,null,parts per million,null,climate forcing|paleoceanography,null,null,N,based on 11B of G. ruber white earth science paleoclimate climate forcing carbon dioxide geoscientificInformation 3281000 cal yr BP 2338000 cal yr BP Complete 12.75 12.75 -78.73 -78.73 -2827 -2827 Ocean Pacific Ocean North Pacific Ocean ODP 999A>LATITUDE 12.75>LONGITUDE -78.73 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII M.A. Martínez-Botí, G.L. Foster, T.B. Chalk, E.J. Rohling, P.F. Sexton, D.J. Lunt, R.D. Pancost, M.P.S. Badger, D.N. Schmidt 2015 Nature 518 49-54 10.1038/nature14145 https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14145

Theory and climate modelling suggest that the sensitivity of Earth's climate to changes in radiative forcing could depend on the background climate. However, palaeoclimate data have thus far been insufficient to provide a conclusive test of this prediction. Here we present atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) reconstructions based on multi-site boron-isotope records from the late Pliocene epoch (3.3 to 2.3 million years ago). We find that Earth's climate sensitivity to CO2-based radiative forcing (Earth system sensitivity) was half as strong during the warm Pliocene as during the cold late Pleistocene epoch (0.8 to 0.01 million years ago). We attribute this difference to the radiative impacts of continental ice-volume changes (the ice-albedo feedback) during the late Pleistocene, because equilibrium climate sensitivity is identical for the two intervals when we account for such impacts using sea-level reconstructions. We conclude that, on a global scale, no unexpected climate feedbacks operated during the warm Pliocene, and that predictions of equilibrium climate sensitivity (excluding long-term ice-albedo feedbacks) for our Pliocene-like future (with CO2 levels up to maximum Pliocene levels of 450 parts per million) are well described by the currently accepted range of an increase of 1.5 K to 4.5 K per doubling of CO2. STUDY NOTES: Paleo-CO2 derived from boron isotope measurements on planktonic foraminifera samples from Ocean Drilling Program site 999, contributed to the Paleo-pCO2 Database

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.txt NOAA Template File; ODP999 Plio-Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/climate_forcing/trace_gases/Paleo-pCO2/martinez-boti2015boron.xlsx Excel File; ODP999 Plio-Pleistocene Boron Isotope and CO2 Data USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2019-06-07 2019-06-07