Historical Climate Observations in Canada: 18th and 19th Century Daily Temperature from the St-Lawrence Valley, Quebec

noaa-historical-15654 St. Lawrence Valley, Quebec 18th and 19th Century Daily Temperature Data Slonosky, V.C. St. Lawrence Valley, Quebec 18th and 19th Century Daily Temperature Data 2013-12-06 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15654 Investigator V.C. 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reconstructions|historical,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate historical surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,historical,null,null,N,Celsius conversion 9:00 PM earth science paleoclimate historical surface temperature,null,null,degree Fahrenheit,null,historical,null,null,N,original observation at 9:00 PM earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|historical maximum surface temperature,null,unspecified margin of error,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|historical,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|historical minimum surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|historical,null,null,N,daily minimum composite estimate for Montreal earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|historical minimum surface temperature,null,unspecified margin of error,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|historical,null,null,N,daily minimum prediction interval for the estimated Montreal values earth science paleoclimate historical surface temperature,null,null,degree Fahrenheit,null,historical,null,null,N,original observation 10:00 PM earth science paleoclimate historical surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,historical,null,null,N,Celsius conversion at 2:00 PM earth science paleoclimate historical weather observation geoscientificInformation temperature 1742 AD 2012 AD 208 cal yr BP -62 cal yr BP Complete 45.496 46.851 -76.74 -71.2 10 107 Continent North America Canada Quebec Spark Quebec City>LATITUDE 46.8>LONGITUDE -71.2 Continent North America Canada Quebec Hall Montreal>LATITUDE 45.504>LONGITUDE -73.562 Continent North America Canada Quebec Smallwood McGill>LATITUDE 45.502>LONGITUDE -73.565 Continent North America Canada Quebec Cleghorn Montreal>LATITUDE 45.509>LONGITUDE -73.571 Continent North America Canada Quebec Sutherland Montreal>LATITUDE 45.5082>LONGITUDE -73.555 Continent North America Canada Quebec Bethune Montreal>LATITUDE 45.502>LONGITUDE -73.575 Continent North America Canada Quebec Smallwood St-Martin Laval>LATITUDE 45.568>LONGITUDE -73.731 Continent North America Canada Quebec Glackmeyer Quebec City>LATITUDE 46.851>LONGITUDE -71.262 Continent North America Canada Quebec Liveright Fort Coulogne>LATITUDE 45.84>LONGITUDE -76.74 Continent North America Canada Quebec McGill Montreal>LATITUDE 45.504>LONGITUDE -73.577 Continent North America Canada Quebec Gaultier Quebec City>LATITUDE 46.81>LONGITUDE -71.21 Continent North America Canada Quebec McCord Montreal>LATITUDE 45.496>LONGITUDE -73.553 Continent North America Canada Quebec Skakel Montreal>LATITUDE 45.508>LONGITUDE -73.555 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Slonosky, V.C. 2014 Historical Climate Observations in Canada: 18th and 19th Century Daily Temperature from the St-Lawrence Valley, Quebec Geosciences Data Journal 10.1002/gdj3.11 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/gdj3.11

Daily observations of weather and climate for the province of Quebec, Canada, start in the 18th century and continue to the present day. Daily temperature observations from 12 observers ranging from 1742 to 1873 are described here. The frequency distributions of the temperature observations from each of the historical weather journals are examined for data quality and consistency. Adjustments for differing types of exposures, particularly north wall exposures, are developed. It is shown that examination of the daily data distribution can be used to infer information concerning the instruments used and likely exposure in the absence of metadata. Comparisons of the relative frequency distributions of historical and modern hourly observations are used to assess the reliability of the daily historical temperature data, and are able to detect problems with instrument exposure or sampling biases. Historical observations of temperature from the 18th and 19th centuries are shown to be comparable to modern temperature data. These daily observations will be used in further studies to analyse changes in climate and extreme conditions on a decadal to centennial time frame, and will form part of international data sets for the reconstruction and analysis of past climate events. STUDY NOTES: 18th and 19th Century historical daily temperature observations from locations in the St. Lawrence River valley, Quebec, Canada.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/gaulthier1742-1754temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/mcgill-mctavish1871-2012temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/skakel1862-1868temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/smallwood1868-1873temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/cleghorn1829-1833temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/liveright1823-1833temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/hall1863-1866temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/mccord1813-1826temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/mccord1831-1842temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/skakel1842-1852temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/bethune1838-1869temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/spark1798-1819temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/smallwood1853-1862temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/glackmeyer1844-1859temp.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/northamerica/canada/sutherland1844-1848temp.txt USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11