<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-icecore-11930</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>EPICA Dome C 217KYr Lead Isotope and Barium Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Vallelonga, P.; Gabrielli, P.; Balliana, E.; Wegner, A.; Delmonte, B.; Turetta, C.; Burton, G.; Vanhaecke, F.; Rosman, K.J.R.; Hong, S.; Boutron, C.F.; Cescon, P.; Barbante, C.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>EPICA Dome C 217KYr Lead Isotope and Barium Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2011-08-31</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11930</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>P.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Vallelonga</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>P.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Gabrielli</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>E.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Balliana</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Wegner</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>B.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Delmonte</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>C.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Turetta</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>G.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Burton</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>F.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Vanhaecke</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>K.J.R.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Rosman</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Hong</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>C.F.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Boutron</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>P.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Cescon</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>C.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Barbante</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>206Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,95% confidence interval margin of error,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>ice age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>lead,bulk ice,null,picogram per gram,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>206Pb/204Pb,bulk ice,95% confidence interval margin of error,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>barium,bulk ice,null,picogram per gram,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>208Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>208Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,95% confidence interval margin of error,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>206Pb/204Pb,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>lead/barium,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>206Pb/207Pb,bulk ice,null,dimensionless,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 2H,bulk ice,null,per mil SMOW,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice core</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>chemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>217050 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>2010 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-75.1</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>-75.1</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>123.4</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>123.4</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>3240</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>3240</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Antarctica</Location_Type>
    <Detailed_Location>EPICA Dome C&gt;LATITUDE -75.1&gt;LONGITUDE 123.4</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Vallelonga, P., P. Gabrielli, E. Balliana, A. Wegner, B. Delmonte, 
C. Turetta, G. Burton, F. Vanhaecke, K.J.R. Rosman, S. Hong, 
C.F. Boutron, P. Cescon, and C. Barbante. 2010. 
Lead isotopic compositions in the EPICA Dome C ice core 
and Southern Hemisphere Potential Source Areas. 
Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, Issues 1-2, pp. 247-255,
January 2010.  doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.06.019 
(EPICA publication no. 226)

</Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>A record of Pb isotopic compositions and Pb and Ba concentrations 
are presented for the EPICA Dome C ice core covering the past 220 ky, 
indicating the characteristics of dust and volcanic Pb deposition 
in central East Antarctica. Lead isotopic compositions are also 
reported in a suite of soil and loess samples from the Southern 
Hemisphere (Australia, Southern Africa, Southern South America, 
New Zealand, Antarctica) in order to evaluate the provenance 
of dust present in Antarctic ice. Lead isotopic compositions in 
Dome C ice support the contention that Southern South America 
was an important source of dust in Antarctica during the last 
two glacial maxima, and furthermore suggest occasional dust 
contributions from local Antarctic sources. The isotopic signature 
of Pb in Antarctic ice is altered by the presence of volcanic Pb, 
inhibiting the evaluation of glacial-interglacial changes in dust 
sources and the evaluation of Australia as a source of dust 
to Antarctica. Consequently, an accurate evaluation of the 
predominant source(s) of Antarctic dust can only be obtained 
from glacial maxima, when dust-Pb concentrations were greatest. 
These data confirm that volcanic Pb is present throughout 
Antarctica and is emitted in a physical phase that is free 
from Ba, while dust Pb is transported within a matrix 
containing Ba and other crustal elements.


 
          STUDY NOTES: EPICA Dome C, Antarctica ice core Pb and Ba concentrations, 
and Pb isotope ratios, for the period 217 - 2 KYrBP. 

Sample ages calculated according to EDC3 chronology reported by 
Parrenin et al. Climate of the Past Discussions, 2007, 3(2), pp.575-606. 
dD values from Jouzel et al. Science, 2007, v.317, pp.793-796. 
</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc2010pb-ba.xls</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/antarctica/epica_domec/edc2010pb-ba.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
