<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-icecore-13604</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Grigorieva Ice Cap 12,650 Year Ice Core Isotope and Major Ions Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Takeuchi, N.; Fujita, K.; Aizen, V.B.; Nikitin, S.A.; Narama, C.; Yokoyama, Y.; Okamoto, S.; Naoki, K.; Kubota, J.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Grigorieva Ice Cap 12,650 Year Ice Core Isotope and Major Ions Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2012-12-06</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13604</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>N.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Takeuchi</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>K.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Fujita</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>V.B.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Aizen</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Nikitin</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>C.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Narama</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>Y.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Yokoyama</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Okamoto</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>K.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Naoki</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>J.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kubota</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth at sample start,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,bulk ice,null,per mil VSMOW,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>sulfate,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>ammonium,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>calcium,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>sodium,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>magnesium,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth at sample end,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>fluoride,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>deuterium excess,bulk ice,null,per mil VSMOW,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>chloride,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>nitrate,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>phosphate,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>potassium,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 2H,bulk ice,null,per mil VSMOW,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>nitrite,bulk ice,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice core</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>oxygen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice core</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>hydrogen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice core</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>chemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>-10640 AD</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>2007 AD</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>12590 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>-57 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>41.9761</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>41.9761</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>77.9136</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>77.9136</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>4563</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>4563</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Asia</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>Southcentral Asia</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>Kyrgyzstan</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Grigorieva Ice Cap&gt;LATITUDE 41.9761&gt;LONGITUDE 77.9136</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Takeuchi, N.,  K. Fujita,  V. Aizen, S.A. Nikitin, C. Narama, Y. Yokoyama,  S. Okamoto, K. Naoki, J.Kubota.  Submitted. 
The disappearance of glaciers in Central  Asia at the end of the Pleistocene revealed by an ice core drilled in the Tien Shan Mountains.  
Earth and Planetary Science Letter (submitted in 2012)</Reference>
  <Reference>K. Fujita, N. Takeuchi, S.A. Nikitin, A.B. Surazakov, S. Okamoto, V.B. Aizen, and J. Kubota. 2011.
Favorable climatic regime for maintaining the present-day geometry of the Gregoriev Glacier, Inner Tien Shan. 
The Cryosphere, Vol. 5, pp. 539-549. 
DOI: 10.5194/tc-5-539-2011
</Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>We conducted 2yr (2005-2007) of in situ meteorological and glaciological observations on the Gregoriev Glacier, a flat-top glacier within the Inner Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan. Relative carrier-phase GPS surveys reveal a vertical lowering at the summit of the glacier. Based on snow density data and an energy-mass balance model, we estimate that the annual precipitation and summer mean temperature required to maintain the glacier in the current state are 289mm and -3.8 C at the glacier summit (4600ma.s.l.), respectively. The good agreement between dynamically derived precipitation and the long-term observed precipitation at a nearby station in the Tien Shan (296mm at 3614ma.s.l. for the period 1930-2002) suggests that the glacier has been in a near steady-state in terms of mass supply. The glacier mass balance, reconstructed based on meteorological data from the Tien Shan station for the past 80 yr, explains the observed fluctuations in glacier extent, particularly the negative mass balance in the 1990s.  
          STUDY NOTES: High resolution  stable isotopes and major ions data from the 86.85 m length Grigorieva surface to bedrock ice core recovered in August 2007.
</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/grigorieva/grigorieva2011.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
