noaa-icecore-13835 Greenland Ice Core 60 Year Firn Air Carbon Monoxide Data Petrenko, V.V.; Martinerie, P.; Novelli, P.; Etheridge, D.M.; Levin, I.; Wang, Z.; Blunier, T.; Chappellaz, J.A.; Kaiser, J.; Lang, P.; Steele, L.P.; Hammer, S.; Mak, J.; Langenfelds, R.L.; Schwander, J.; Severinghaus, J.; Witrant, E.; Petron, G.; Battle, M.O.; Forster, G.; Sturges, W.T.; Lamarque, J.-F.; Steffen, K.; White, J.W.C. Greenland Ice Core 60 Year Firn Air Carbon Monoxide Data 2013-02-13 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13835 Investigator V.V. Petrenko Investigator P. Martinerie Investigator P. Novelli Investigator D.M. Etheridge Investigator I. Levin Investigator Z. Wang Investigator T. Blunier Investigator J.A. Chappellaz Investigator J. Kaiser Investigator P. Lang Investigator L.P. Steele Investigator S. Hammer Investigator J. Mak Investigator R.L. Langenfelds Investigator J. Schwander Investigator J. Severinghaus Investigator E. Witrant Investigator G. Petron Investigator M.O. Battle Investigator G. Forster Investigator W.T. Sturges Investigator J.-F. Lamarque Investigator K. Steffen Investigator J.W.C. White earth science paleoclimate ice cores carbon monoxide,bulk atmosphere,one standard deviation,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores depth,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores carbon monoxide,bulk atmosphere,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores gas age,null,null,year Common Era,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores carbon monoxide,bulk atmosphere,null,parts per billion,null,ice cores,composited,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice core atmospheric gas geoscientificInformation 1950 AD 2008 AD 0 cal yr BP -58 cal yr BP Complete 72.57963 77.45 -51.06 -38.49253 2917 3200 Continent North America Greenland NEEM>LATITUDE 77.45>LONGITUDE -51.06 Continent North America Greenland NGRIP>LATITUDE 75.1>LONGITUDE -42.33 Continent North America Greenland Summit Firn>LATITUDE 72.57963>LONGITUDE -38.49253 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Petrenko, V. V., Martinerie, P., Novelli, P., Etheridge, D. M., Levin, I., Wang, Z., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Kaiser, J., Lang, P., Steele, L. P., Hammer, S., Mak, J., Langenfelds, R. L., Schwander, J., Severinghaus, J. P., Witrant, E., Petron, G., Battle, M. O., Forster, G., Sturges, W. T., Lamarque, J.-F., Steffen, K., and White, J. W. C. 2013 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13 15 7567-7585 10.5194/acp-13-7567-2013 https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/7567/2013/

We present the first reconstruction of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) high latitude atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) mole fraction from Greenland firn air. Firn air samples were collected at three deep ice core sites in Greenland (NGRIP in 2001, Summit in 2006 and NEEM in 2008). CO records from the three sites agree well with each other as well as with recent atmospheric measurements, indicating that CO is well preserved in the firn at these sites. CO atmospheric history was reconstructed back to the year 1950 from the measurements using a combination of two forward models of gas transport in firn and an inverse model. The reconstructed history suggests that Arctic CO in 1950 was 140-150 nmol mol-1, which is higher than today's values. CO mole fractions rose by 10-15 nmol mol-1 from 1950 to the 1970s and peaked in the 1970s or early 1980s, followed by a ~ 30 nmol mol-1 decline to today's levels. We compare the CO history with the atmospheric histories of methane, light hydrocarbons, molecular hydrogen, CO stable isotopes and hydroxyl radicals (OH), as well as with published CO emission inventories and results of a historical run from a chemistry-transport model. We find that the reconstructed Greenland CO history cannot be reconciled with available emission inventories unless unrealistically large changes in OH are assumed. We argue that the available CO emission inventories strongly underestimate historical NH emissions, and fail to capture the emission decline starting in the late 1970s, which was most likely due to reduced emissions from road transportation in North America and Europe. STUDY NOTES: Finalized carbon monoxide mixing ratios measured in firn air samples at three Greenland ice core sites (NEEM, Summit and NorthGRIP). For NEEM, data from two separate boreholes are presented; data shown are a combination of measurements from several laboratories. The average atmospheric carbon monoxide history over Greenland, reconstructed from the firn air data using an inverse model, is also presented. All carbon monoxide mixing ratio data are on the WMO 2004 scale.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/greenland2013co.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/greenland2013co-neemus.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/greenland2013co-ngrip.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/greenland2013co-summit.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/greenland2013co-neemeu.txt USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-18 2018-12-18