noaa-icecore-17796 GISP2 Ice Core 110,000 Year Oxygen Isotope Data Grootes, P.M.; Stuiver, M. GISP2 Ice Core 110,000 Year Oxygen Isotope Data 1997-11-30 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17796 Investigator P.M. Grootes Investigator M. Stuiver earth science paleoclimate ice cores depth at sample start,null,null,meter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores delta 18O,bulk ice,null,per mil SMOW,null,ice cores,averaged,null,N,summer to summer earth science paleoclimate ice cores delta 18O,bulk ice,null,per mil SMOW,null,ice cores,averaged,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores ice age at sample start,null,null,calendar year before present,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice core oxygen isotopes geoscientificInformation 110977 cal yr BP -37 cal yr BP Complete 72.6 72.6 -38.5 -38.5 3200 3200 Continent North America Greenland GISP2>LATITUDE 72.6>LONGITUDE -38.5 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII P. M. Grootes, M. Stuiver 1997 Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 102 C12 26455-26470 10.1029/97JC00880 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1029/97JC00880/ Minze Stuiver, Pieter M. Grootes, Thomas F. Braziunas 1995 Quaternary Research 44 3 341-354 10.1006/qres.1995.1079 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033589485710794

Measured 18O/16O ratios from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core extending back to 16,500 cal yr B.P. provide a continuous record of climate change since the last glaciation. High-resolution annual 18O/16O results were obtained for most of the current millennium (A.D. 818-1985) and record the Medieval Warm Period, the Little Ice Age, and a distinct 11-yr 18O/16O cycle. Volcanic aerosols depress central Greenland annual temperature (-1.5C maximally) and annual 18O/16O for about 4 yr after each major eruptive event. On a bidecadal to millennial time scale, the contribution of solar variability to Holocene Greenlandic temperature change is -0.4C. The role of thermohaline circulation change on climate, problematic during the Holocene, is more distinct for the 16,500-10,000 cal yr B.P. interval. (Analogous to 14C age calibration terminology, we express time in calibrated (cal) yr B.P. (A.D. 1950 = 0 cal yr B.P.)). The Oldest Dryas/Bolling/Older Dryas/Allerod/Younger Dryas sequence appears in great detail. Bidecadal variance in 18O/16O, but not necessarily in temperature, is enhanced during the last phase of lateglacial time and the Younger Dryas interval, suggesting switches of air mass transport between jet stream branches. The branched system is nearly instantaneously replaced at the beginning of the Bolling and Holocene (at -14,670 and -11,650 cal yr B.P., respectively) by an atmospheric circulation system in which 18O/16O and annual accumulation initially track each other closely. Thermodynamic considerations of the accumulation rate-temperature relationship can be used to evaluate the 18 O/16O-temperature relationship. The GISP2 ice-layer-count years of major GISP2 climate transitions also support the use of coral 14C ages for age calibration. STUDY NOTES: GISP2 delta 18O, 2 meter data set to 110 KYrBP, and 1 year resolution data back to 1133 years B.P.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gispd18o.txt Data File; GISP2 Oxygen Isotope 2-meter data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/d18o1yr.txt Data File; GISP2 Oxygen Isotope Data 1 year averages USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11