noaa-icecore-18057 Illimani Ice Core 1,600 Year Ammonium Data and Amazon Temperature Reconstruction Kellerhals, T.; Brütsch, S.; Sigl, M.; Knüsel, S.; Gäggeler, H.W.; Schwikowski, M. Illimani Ice Core 1,600 Year Ammonium Data and Amazon Temperature Reconstruction 2015-02-24 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18057 Investigator T. Kellerhals Investigator S. Brütsch Investigator M. Sigl Investigator S. Knüsel Investigator H.W. Gäggeler Investigator M. Schwikowski earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores surface temperature,null,two standard deviations upper bound,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,anomalized|averaged,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores ice age,null,null,year Common Era,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores surface temperature,null,two standard deviations upper bound,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,anomalized,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores ammonium,bulk ice,null,microequivalent per liter,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores ice age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores surface temperature,null,two standard deviations lower bound,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,anomalized|averaged,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,anomalized|averaged,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores surface temperature,null,two standard deviations lower bound,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,anomalized,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice cores ammonium,bulk ice,null,microequivalent per liter,null,ice cores,averaged,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|ice cores surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|ice cores,anomalized,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate ice core reconstruction earth science paleoclimate ice core chemistry geoscientificInformation Air Temperature Reconstruction 355 AD 1998 AD 1595 cal yr BP -48 cal yr BP Complete -16.6167 -16.6167 -67.7667 -67.7667 6300 6300 Continent South America Bolivia Illimani>LATITUDE -16.6167>LONGITUDE -67.7667 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII T. Kellerhals, S. Brütsch, M. Sigl, S. Knüsel, H. W. Gäggeler, M. Schwikowski 2010 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres D16123 115 D16 10.1029/2009JD012603 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1029/2009JD012603/

We present a reconstruction of tropical South American temperature anomalies over the last ~1600 years. The reconstruction is based on a highly resolved and carefully dated ammonium record from an ice core that was drilled in 1999 on Nevado Illimani in the eastern Bolivian Andes. Concerning the relevant processes governing the observed correlation between ammonium concentrations and temperature anomalies, we discuss anthropogenic emissions, biomass burning, and precipitation changes but clearly favor a temperature-dependent source strength of the vegetation in the Amazon Basin. That given, the reconstruction reveals that Medieval Warm Period - and Little Ice Age - type episodes are distinguishable in tropical South America, a region for which until now only very limited temperature proxy data have been available. For the time period from about 1050 to 1300 AD, our reconstruction shows relatively warm conditions that are followed by cooler conditions from the 15th to the 18th century, when temperatures dropped by up to 0.6C below the 1961-1990 average. The last decades of the past millennium are characterized again by warm temperatures that seem to be unprecedented in the context of the last ~1600 years. STUDY NOTES: Ammonium (NH4+) data and reconstructed Tropical South American temperature from the 1999 Illimani ice core, Bolivian Andes, for the past 1,600 years. Additional References: Kellerhals, T., L. Tobler, S. Brütsch, M. Sigl, L. Wacker, H. W. Gäggeler, and M. Schwikowski. 2010. Thallium as a tracer for preindustrial volcanic eruptions in an ice core record from Illimani, Bolivia Environ. Sci. Technol. 44, 888-893 (2010). Sigl, M., T. M. Jenk, T. Kellerhals, S. Szidat, H. W. Gäggeler, L. Wacker, H.-A. Synal, C. Boutron, C. Barbante, J. Gabrieli, M. Schwikowski. 2009. Towards radiocarbon dating of ice cores. J. Glaciol. 55, 986-996. Knüsel, S., S. Brütsch, K. A. Henderson, A. S. Palmer, and M. Schwikowski. 2005. ENSO signals of the twentieth century in an ice core from Nevado Illimani, Bolivia. J. Geophys. Res. 110(D1), D01102, doi:10.1029/2004JD005420. Knüsel, S., P. Ginot, U. Schotterer, M. Schwikowski, H. W. Gaggeler, B. Francou, J. R. Petit, J. C. Simoes, J. D. Taupin. 2003. Dating of two nearby ice cores from the Illimani, Bolivia. J. Geophys. Res. 108, D6, 4181, doi:10.1029/2001JD002028.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/illimani/illimani2010nh4-10yr.txt Data File; Illimani 10-Year Average NH4+ Data and Amazon Basin Temperature Reconstruction GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/illimani/illimani2010nh4ann.txt Data File; Illimani Annual NH4+ Data and Amazon BAsin Temperature Reconstruction USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11