<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-icecore-21970</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Mt. Hunter, Alaska 1,200 Year Ice Core Accumulation Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Winski, D.A.; Osterberg, E.; Ferris, D.; Kreutz, K.J.; Wake, C.; Campbell, S.; Hawley, R.; Roy, S.; Birkel, S.; Introne, D.S.; Handley, M.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Mt. Hunter, Alaska 1,200 Year Ice Core Accumulation Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2017-12-19</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>10.7289/V5B56H0D</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21970</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>D.A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Winski</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>E.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Osterberg</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>D.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Ferris</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>K.J.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kreutz</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>C.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Wake</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Campbell</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>R.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Hawley</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Roy</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Birkel</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>D.S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Introne</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Handley</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>ice age,null,null,year Common Era,null,ice cores,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>accumulation rate,bulk ice,null,meter,annual,ice cores,null,null,N,meters of water equivalent</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>accumulation rate,bulk ice,null,meter,Sep-Apr,ice cores,null,null,N,meters of water equivalent; Winter accumulation for a given year includes September-December of the previous year and January-April of the specified year</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice cores</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>accumulation rate,bulk ice,null,meter,May-Aug,ice cores,null,null,N,meters of water equivalent</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>ice core</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>accumulation</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>810 AD</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>2012 AD</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>1140 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>-62 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>62.9333</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>62.9333</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-151.0833</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-151.0833</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>3900</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>3900</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>North America</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>United States Of America</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>Alaska</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Mt. Hunter&gt;LATITUDE 62.9333&gt;LONGITUDE -151.0833</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>
    <Author>Dominic Winski, Erich Osterberg, David Ferris, Karl Kreutz, Cameron Wake, Seth Campbell, Robert Hawley, Samuel Roy, Sean Birkel, Douglas Introne, Michael Handley</Author>
    <Publication_Date>2017</Publication_Date>
    <Title>Industrial-age doubling of snow accumulation in the Alaska Range linked to tropical ocean warming</Title>
    <Series>Scientific Reports</Series>
    <Edition>17869</Edition>
    <Volume>7</Volume>
    <DOI>10.1038/s41598-017-18022-5</DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-18022-5</Online_Resource>
  </Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Future precipitation changes in a warming climate depend regionally upon the response of natural climate modes to anthropogenic forcing. North Pacific hydroclimate is dominated by the Aleutian Low, a semi-permanent wintertime feature characterized by frequent low-pressure conditions that is influenced by tropical Pacific Ocean temperatures through the Pacific-North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern. Instrumental records show a recent increase in coastal Alaskan precipitation and Aleutian Low intensification, but are of insufficient length to accurately assess low frequency trends and forcing mechanisms. Here we present a 1200-year seasonally- to annually-resolved ice core record of snow accumulation from Mt. Hunter in the Alaska Range developed using annual layer counting and four ice-flow thinning models. Under a wide range of glacier flow conditions and layer counting uncertainty, our record shows a doubling of precipitation since ~1840 CE, with recent values exceeding the variability observed over the past millennium. The precipitation increase is nearly synchronous with the warming of western tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures. While regional 20th Century warming may account for a portion of the observed precipitation increase on Mt. Hunter, the magnitude and seasonality of the precipitation change indicate a long-term strengthening of the Aleutian Low. 
          STUDY NOTES: Reconstructed annual and seasonal snow accumulation data from the Mt. Hunter ice core.</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/trop/denali/hunter2017accum.txt</URL>
    <Description>NOAA Template File; Mt. Hunter Ice Core Accumulation Data</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
