<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-lake-13174</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Pacific Northwest 1500yr Lake d18O Data and Precipitation Reconstruction </Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Steinman, B.; Abbott, M.B.; Mann, M.E.; Stansell, N.D.; Finney, B.P.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Pacific Northwest 1500yr Lake d18O Data and Precipitation Reconstruction </Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2012-07-29</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13174</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>B.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Steinman</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.B.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Abbott</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.E.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Mann</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>N.D.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Stansell</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>B.P.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Finney</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,Castor Lake</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,Renner Lake</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>precipitation,delta 18O,95% confidence interval lower bound,millimeter,Nov-Feb,climate reconstructions|paleolimnology,averaged,numerical simulation,N,20-year average; physical model of lake sediment d18O</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,Castor-Lime</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,Renner-Lime</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,climate reconstructions|paleolimnology,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,anomalized,null,N,Lime Lake</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>precipitation,delta 18O,null,millimeter,Nov-Feb,climate reconstructions|paleolimnology,averaged,numerical simulation,N,20-year average; physical model of lake sediment d18O</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>precipitation,delta 18O,95% confidence interval upper bound,millimeter,Nov-Feb,climate reconstructions|paleolimnology,averaged,numerical simulation,N,20-year average; physical model of lake sediment d18O</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,anomalized,null,N,Renner Lake</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,anomalized,null,N,Castor Lake</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,calcium carbonate,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,Lime Lake</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>reconstruction</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleolimnology</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>oxygen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>ENSO</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Pacific Decadal Oscillation</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Precipitation Reconstruction</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>1450 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>-50 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>48.54</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>48.87</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-119.56</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-117.34</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>594</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>780</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>North America</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>United States Of America</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>Washington</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Lime Lake&gt;LATITUDE 48.87&gt;LONGITUDE -117.34</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>North America</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>United States Of America</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>Washington</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Castor Lake&gt;LATITUDE 48.54&gt;LONGITUDE -119.56</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>North America</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>United States Of America</Location_Subregion1>
    <Location_Subregion2>Washington</Location_Subregion2>
    <Detailed_Location>Renner Lake&gt;LATITUDE 48.78&gt;LONGITUDE -118.19</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Steinman, B.A., M.B. Abbott, M.E. Mann, N.D. Stansell, 
and B.P. Finney. 2012. 
1,500 year quantitative reconstruction of winter precipitation 
in the Pacific Northwest. 
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 
July 17, 2012 Vol. 109, no. 29, pp. 11619-11623. 
Published online before print July 2, 2012, 
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1201083109 </Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Multiple paleoclimate proxies are required for robust assessment 
of past hydroclimatic conditions. Currently, estimates of drought 
variability over the past several thousand years are based largely 
on tree-ring records. We produced a 1,500-y record of winter 
precipitation in the Pacific Northwest using a physical model-based 
analysis of lake sediment oxygen isotope data. Our results indicate 
that during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) (900-1300 AD) 
the Pacific Northwest experienced exceptional wetness in winter 
and that during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (1450-1850 AD) conditions 
were drier, contrasting with hydroclimatic anomalies in the desert 
Southwest and consistent with climate dynamics related to the El 
Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation 
(PDO). These findings are somewhat discordant with drought records 
from tree rings, suggesting that differences in seasonal sensitivity 
between the two proxies allow a more complete understanding of the 
climate system and likely explain disparities in inferred climate 
trends over centennial timescales. 

 
          STUDY NOTES: Delta d180 data and 1500 year November-February precipitation reconstruction 
from Castor Lake and Lime Lake, eastern Washington, USA, for the last 1500 years. 
Castor and Lime Lakes are located east of the Cascade Range, in a relatively dry, 
PDO/ENSO sensitive region. Results indicate that November-February rain/snowfall 
is the strongest control on Castor Lake sediment d18O values and modeled Dd18O values. 

Castor Lake: 48.54°N, 119.56°W, elevation 594 m, ~12m depth 
Lime Lake:   48.87°N, 117.34°W, elevation 780 m, ~15m depth 
Renner Lake: 48.78°N, 118.19°W, elevation 754 m </Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/washington/castor-lime2012.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/usa/washington/castor-lime2012.xls</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
