noaa-lake-21016 Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive (ELSA) Flood Stack Brunck, H.; Sirocko, F.; Albert, J. Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive (ELSA) Flood Stack 2016-12-09 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/21016 Investigator H. Brunck Investigator F. Sirocko Investigator J. Albert earth science paleoclimate paleolimnology age at sample start,null,null,calendar year before present,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,age before 2k earth science paleoclimate paleolimnology event layer,null,null,dimensionless,null,paleolimnology,normalized,null,N,flood index earth science paleoclimate paleolimnology age at sample end,null,null,calendar year before present,null,paleolimnology,null,null,N,age before 2k earth science paleoclimate paleolimnology physical properties geoscientificInformation 59000 cal yr BP 1 cal yr BP Complete 50.16 50.16 6.83 6.83 400 400 Continent Europe Western Europe Germany Eifel>LATITUDE 50.16>LONGITUDE 6.83 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII H. Brunck, F. Sirocko, J. Albert 2016 Global and Planetary Change 142 136-146 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.12.003 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818115301454

This study reconstructs the main flood phases in central Europe from event layers in sediment cores from Holocene Eifel maar lakes and Pleistocene dry maar structures. These reconstructions are combined with recent gauge time-series to cover the entire precipitation extremes of the last 60 000 years. In general, Eifel maar sediments are perfectly suited for the preservation of event layers since the deep water in the maar lakes is seasonal anoxic and therefore, bioturbation is low. However, the preservation of annual lamination is only preserved in Holzmaar and Ulmener Maar; the other cores are dated by 14C, magnetostratigraphy, tephra markers and ice core tuning. The cores were drilled in the Eifel region of central western Germany, which represents a climatic homogenous region from Belgium to Poland and all across Central Europe. A total of 233 flood layers over 7.5 mm were detected in all analysed cores. The stratigraphic classification of the flood events follows the newly defined Landscape Evolution Zones (LEZ). The strongest events in the Holocene have occurred during LEZ 1 (0-6000 b2k) in the years 658, 2800 and 4100 b2k. Flood layers in the LEZ 2 (6000-10 500 b2k) are not as frequent as during the LEZ 1, nevertheless, the floods cluster between 6000 and 6500 b2k. Twenty flood layers are found in the LEZ 3 (10 500-14 700 b2k); 11 in LEZ 4 (14 700-21 000 b2k); 15 in LEZ 5 (21 000-28 500 b2k); 34 in LEZ 6 (28 500-36 500 b2k); 8 in LEZ 7 (36 500-49 000 b2k); zero in LEZ 8 (49 000-55 000 b2k) and LEZ 9 (55 000-60 000 b2k). The maximum flood phases during the Pleistocene are at 11 500-17 500 (late glacial and Younger Dryas), 23 000-24 000 (before Greenland Interstadial (GI) 2), 29 000-35 000 (especially between GI 5 and 4) and 44 000-44 500 b2k (transition from GI 12 to 11). The variations in flood dynamics are climatically driven and mainly associated with climate transitions and colder periods, combined with light vegetation. It turns out that low vegetation coverage related to both Greenland Stadial phases and anthropogenic impacts since late Holocene is the main cause for the development of flood layers in maar sediments. The precipitation itself, plays only a secondary role. This interpretation is based on the current climate understanding of cold phases and several studies of fluvial erosion related to vegetation coverage.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/germany/elsa2016flood.txt Data File; ELSA Flood Stack USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11