<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-lakelevel-15974</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Caspian Sea-Level Changes During the Last Millennium</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Naderi Beni, A.; Lahijani, H.; Mousavi Harami, R.; Arpe, K.; Leroy, S.A.G.; Marriner, N.; Berberian, M.; Andrieu-Ponel, V.; Djamali, M.; Mahboubi, A.; Reimer, P.J.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Caspian Sea-Level Changes During the Last Millennium</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2014-01-24</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15974</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Naderi Beni</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>H.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Lahijani</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>R.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Mousavi Harami</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>K.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Arpe</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.A.G.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Leroy</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>N.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Marriner</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Berberian</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>V.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Andrieu-Ponel</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Djamali</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Mahboubi</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>P.J.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Reimer</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>lake levels|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,year Common Era,null,lake levels|paleolimnology,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>lake levels|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>notes,null,null,null,null,lake levels|paleolimnology,null,null,C,historical observation</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>lake levels|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>notes,null,null,null,null,lake levels|paleolimnology,null,null,C,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>lake levels|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>notes,null,null,null,null,lake levels|paleolimnology,null,null,C,geological event</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>lake levels|paleolimnology</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>lake level,null,null,meter,null,lake levels|paleolimnology,raw,null,C,meters above present lake level</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>lake levels</Term>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>sea level</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>1300 AD</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>1875 AD</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>650 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>75 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>34</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>47</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>46</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>55</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>-27</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>-27</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Europe</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>Eastern Europe</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>Caspian Sea Boundary&gt;LATITUDE &gt;LONGITUDE </Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>
    <Author>Naderi Beni, A., H. Lahijani, R. Mousavi Harami, K. Arpe, S.A.G. Leroy, N. Marriner, M. Berberian, V. Andrieu-Ponel, M. Djamali, A. Mahboubi, and P.J. Reimer</Author>
    <Publication_Date>2013</Publication_Date>
    <Title>Caspian sea-level changes during the last millennium: historical and geological evidence from the south Caspian Sea</Title>
    <Series>Climate of the Past</Series>
    <Volume>9</Volume>
    <Pages>1645-1665</Pages>
    <DOI>10.5194/cp-9-1645-2013</DOI>
  </Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Historical literature may constitute a valuable source of information to reconstruct sea-level changes. Here, historical documents and geological records have been combined to reconstruct Caspian sea-level (CSL) changes during the last millennium. In addition to a comprehensive literature review, new data from two short sediment cores were obtained from the south-eastern Caspian coast to identify coastal change driven by water-level changes and to compare the results with other geological and historical findings. 
          STUDY NOTES: additional information, not in the publication, for circle points in fig. 9			
Year (AD)	CSL	Reference	Explanation
1100-1125	&lt;-25	 Varushchenko et al.	Varushchenko et al. (1987) findings, based on
		-1987	dating, are more compatible with our findings
			in this paper than Bruckner (1890) or
			Karpychev (1998, 2001) historical evidence.
1425-1450	-26	Varushchenko et al.	These 2 papers support each other while the
		-1987	findings of Bruckner (1890) seem to be
		Karpychev (1998, 2001)	overestimated. I have chosen the overlapped
			years, reported by the researchers for this
			time. (the extended timeframe is 1350-1478
			AD for -26)
1680	&lt;-24 	Bruckner (1890)	All the graphs of the referenced authors meet
		Karpychev (1998, 2001)	each other in this time that support Komarova
		Varushchenko et al.	(1980) sea level curve for this period.
                -1987	
1700	&lt;-26 	Bruckner (1890)	The reported sea level is around the same for
		Karpychev (1998, 2001)	this time by different researchers. Moreover,
		Fedchina (1980)	this is supported by the findings of Fedchina
		Komarova (1980)	(1980) and Komarova (1980).
1740	&gt;-23	 Bruckner (1890)	There is a good agreement between different
		Karpychev (1998, 2001)	researchers on CSL in this time based on
		Fedchina (1980)	different approaches Komarova (1980)	
1775-1790	&lt;-22 	Bruckner (1890)	In addition to the references, Karpychev
		Varushchenko et al.	(1998, 2001) indicated CSL for 1770-1790
		-1987	and 1790-1810 as -25 and -22, respectively.
		Komarova (1980)	According to radiocarbon dating method and
			its errors, I have preferred to choose the -22 CSL for this time.
1825	&gt;-25	 Bruckner (1890)	Bruckner (1890) indicated CSL as -25.8 m in
		Varushchenko et al.	1825 and Varushchenko et al. (1987) indicated
		-1987	the CSL -25 in 1825-1826. When we plot
			other results from Karpychev (1998, 2001),
			all the graphs meet each other in -25 m in 1825
</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/naderibeni2013/naderibeni2013.txt</URL>
    <Description>Data File; Caspian Sea Level</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
