<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-ocean-10430</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Arabian Sea MD04-2881 750KYr Paleoproductivity Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Ziegler, M.; Lourens, L.J.; Tuenter, E.; Reichart, G.J.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Arabian Sea MD04-2881 750KYr Paleoproductivity Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2010-05-03</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10430</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Ziegler</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>L.J.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Lourens</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>E.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Tuenter</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>G.J.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Reichart</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>barium,sediment,null,count per second,null,paleoceanography,null,x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Uvigerina peregrina,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Neogloboquadrina dutertrei,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>Globorotalia truncatulinoides,sediment,null,count per gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,150-600 um fraction</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>glauconite,sediment,null,count per gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,green grains most commonly glauconite</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>Globigerinoides ruber,sediment,null,microgram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,size normalized</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>titanium/aluminum,sediment,null,dimensionless,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>magnetic susceptibility,sediment,null,cubic meter per kilogram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,x10-6 units</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>bromine,sediment,null,count per second,null,paleoceanography,null,x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>Globorotalia crassaformis,sediment,null,count per gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,150-600 um fraction</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>geochemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>oxygen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Monsoon</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>762750 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>8250 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>22.2014</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>22.2014</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>63.0847</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>63.0847</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>-2387</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>-2387</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Ocean</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Indian Ocean</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>Arabian Sea</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>MD04-2881&gt;LATITUDE 22.2014&gt;LONGITUDE 63.0847</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Ziegler, M., L.J. Lourens, E. Tuenter, and G.-J. Reichart. 2010. 
High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 - odd monsoon 
event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the 
Mid-Pleistocene transition? 
Clim. Past, 6, 63-76, doi:10.5194/cp-6-63-2010. 
</Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 (~500 000 years ago) has been recognized 
as atypical in many paleoclimate records and, in particular, it has 
been connected to an exceptionally strong summer monsoon throughout 
the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we present a multi-proxy study of a 
sediment core taken from the Murray Ridge at an intermediate water 
depth in the northern Arabian Sea that covers the last 750 000 years. 
Our results indicate that primary productivity conditions were 
anomalously high during MIS 13 in the Arabian Sea and led to extreme 
carbonate dissolution and glauconitization in the deep-sea sediments. 
These observations could be explained by increased wind driven upwelling 
of nutrient-rich deep waters and, hence, by the occurrence of an 
exceptionally strong summer monsoon event during MIS 13, as it was 
suggested in earlier studies. However, ice core records from Antarctica 
demonstrate that atmospheric methane concentrations, which are linked to 
the extent of tropical wetlands, were relatively low during this period. 
This constitutes a strong argument against an extremely enhanced global 
monsoon circulation during MIS 13 which, moreover, is in contrast with 
results of transient climate modelling experiments. As an alternative 
solution for the aberrant conditions in the Arabian Sea record, 
we propose that the high primary productivity was probably related to 
the onset of an intensive meridional overturning circulation in the 
Atlantic Ocean at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition. 
This may have led to an increased supply of nutrient-rich deep waters 
into the Indian Ocean euphotic zone, thereby triggering the observed 
productivity maximum. 
 
          STUDY NOTES: Multiproxy geochemical record of Arabian Sea primary productivity 
from Murray Ridge core MD04-2881.  

Age estimates are based on tuning the benthic oxygen isotope 
record to the global LR04 isotope stack

</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/ziegler2010/ziegler2010.xls</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/ziegler2010/ziegler2010.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2019-01-30</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2019-01-30</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
