noaa-ocean-10530 Peru Margin ODP1228D Holocene Organic Geochemical Data Makou, M.C.; Eglinton, T.I.; Oppo, D.W.; Hughen, K.A. Peru Margin ODP1228D Holocene Organic Geochemical Data 2011-02-10 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10530 Investigator M.C. Makou Investigator T.I. Eglinton Investigator D.W. Oppo Investigator K.A. Hughen earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography dinosterol,null,null,parts per million,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography cholesterol,null,null,parts per million,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleocean biomarkers geoscientificInformation ENSO 15928 cal yr BP 494 cal yr BP Complete -11.0667 -11.0667 -78.0833 -78.0833 -252 -252 Ocean Pacific Ocean Eastern Pacific Ocean ODP1228D>LATITUDE -11.0667>LONGITUDE -78.0833 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

325 Broadway, E/NE31

Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Makou, M.C., T.I. Eglinton, D.W. Oppo, and K.A. Hughen. 2010. Postglacial changes in El Niño and La Niña behavior. Geology, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 43-46, January 2010. doi: 10.1130/G30366.1

Paleoclimate reconstructions suggest distinctive changes in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the dominant mode of tropical climate variability, over the last glacial cycle and throughout the Holocene. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies provide parallel reconstructions of warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) phase variability, thus precluding distinction between variations in ENSO activity and the mean state of the tropical Pacific. Here we provide the first such records, generated using molecular organic geochemical proxies in a sediment core from the Peru margin region. The opposing influences of El Niño and La Niña on coastal upwelling and phytoplankton community structure produce distinct sedimentary sterol records describing the evolution of each ENSO phase. We document changes in surface ocean productivity on the Peru margin over the past 16 ka that indicate enhanced La Niña–like conditions alone during deglaciation, but concomitant increases in both El Niño and La Niña activity during the past 2 ka. We propose that the preponderance of La Niña–like conditions prior to 11.5 ka reflects the influence of waning glacial boundary conditions. By contrast, warm and cold phase covariability during the late Holocene suggests centennial-scale changes in ENSO activity, rather than the Pacific mean state, driven by tropical insolation. STUDY NOTES: Stratigraphic records of cholesterol and dinosterol abundance for ODP 1228D. All results are normalized to organic carbon (OC) abundance and are reported as micrograms/gram OC. A full description of analytical methods and age scale development is presented in Makou et al. 2010. Radiocarbon dates are provided for both bulk OC and compound- specific (alkenone) measurements, both of which include a constant 700 yr reservoir age correction. Bulk OC dates were used to construct the published age scale. For the readers convenience, dates from this core by Higginson and Altabet (2004) are also included and are denoted in the cited publication.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/makou2010/makou2010.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/makou2010/makou2010.xls USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2019-06-06 2019-06-06