<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-ocean-10531</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Brazil Margin LGM and Holocene Benthic Foraminiferal Cadmium Data</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Makou, M.C.; Oppo, D.W.; Curry, W.B.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Brazil Margin LGM and Holocene Benthic Foraminiferal Cadmium Data</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2011-02-10</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10531</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.C.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Makou</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>D.W.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Oppo</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>W.B.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Curry</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,foraminiferal sample</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>cadmium,cadmium/calcium,null,nanomole per kilogram,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,seawater cadmium</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,meter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,delta 13C,null,per mil,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,estimated delta 13C due to air/sea exchange of CO2</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>latitude,null,null,degree south,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>longitude,null,null,degree west,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,benthic foraminifer,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>cadmium/calcium,benthic foraminifer,null,dimensionless,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,sample depth</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,core ID</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>geochemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC)</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>21000 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>18000 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>-27.6972</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>-26.6807</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-46.494</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-46.4487</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>-1627</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>-441</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Ocean</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Atlantic Ocean</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>South Atlantic Ocean</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>17JPC&gt;LATITUDE -27.6972&gt;LONGITUDE -46.494</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Ocean</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Atlantic Ocean</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>South Atlantic Ocean</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>14GGC&gt;LATITUDE -26.6807&gt;LONGITUDE -46.4487</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Makou, M.C., D.W. Oppo, and W.B. Curry. 2010. 
South Atlantic intermediate water mass geometry 
for the last glacial maximum from foraminiferal Cd/Ca. 
Paleoceanography 25, PA4101, doi:10.1029/2010PA001962. 

</Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Paleoceanographic studies using benthic foraminiferal Cd 
as a nutrient tracer have provided a robust means of 
reconstructing glacial Atlantic Ocean water mass geometry, 
but a paucity of data from the South Atlantic above 1200 m 
has limited investigation of Antarctic Intermediate Water 
(AAIW) configuration and formation. A new Cd depth profile 
from Brazil margin sediments suggests that AAIW penetrated 
northward at 1100 m to at least 27°S in the glacial Atlantic. 
It exhibited substantially reduced d13Cas values, confirming 
preliminary evidence that this AAIW was unique to the glacial 
Atlantic and that it formed differently than today, with less 
atmospheric contact. 
 
          STUDY NOTES: Benthic foraminiferal Cd results for a Brazil margin sediment 
depth transect. Data are provided for the last glacial maximum (LGM) 
and core top sediments.  Individual core locations, sample depths, 
and the type of foraminifera used are provided, and Cd composition 
is reported as Cd/Ca and CdW. Foraminiferal carbon isotopic results 
from previous investigations were used to calculate the portion of 
the carbon isotopic signal arising from air/sea exchange (d13Cas) 
of carbon dioxide (see references in cited publication). 
The reported water depths have not been corrected for reduced LGM 
sea level. Core top Cd and d13Cas results for cores 10 GGC and 33 GGC 
are considered erroneous because relative standard deviations for 
multiple analyses were &gt; 20%. See Makou et al. 2010 for further 
discussion of the results. 
</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/makou2010b/makou2010b.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/makou2010b/makou2010b.xls</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2019-06-06</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2019-06-06</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
