<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-ocean-11190</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Eastern Equatorial Atlantic GeoB4905-4 21KYr Mg/Ca SST, SSS, and d18Osw </Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Weldeab, S.; Schneider, R.R.; Kölling, M.; Wefer, G.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Eastern Equatorial Atlantic GeoB4905-4 21KYr Mg/Ca SST, SSS, and d18Osw </Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2011-05-13</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/11190</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Weldeab</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>R.R.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Schneider</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>M.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Kölling</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>G.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Wefer</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber pink,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber pink,null,millimole per mole,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>salinity,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea surface,null,parts per thousand,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,on G. ruber pink</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,on G. ruber pink</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,null,per mil VSMOW,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,on G. ruber pink</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>geochemistry</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>reconstruction</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Monsoon</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction</Keyword>
  <Keyword>Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>21770 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>60 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>2.5</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>2.5</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>9.384</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>9.384</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>-1328</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>-1328</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Ocean</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Atlantic Ocean</Location_Type>
    <Detailed_Location>GeoB4905-4&gt;LATITUDE 2.5&gt;LONGITUDE 9.384</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>Weldeab, S., R.R. Schneider, M. Kölling, and G. Wefer. 2005. 
Holocene African droughts relate to eastern equatorial Atlantic cooling. 
Geology, Vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 981-984.   doi: 10.1130/G21874.1 </Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Here we present evidence that the Holocene African monsoon system (AMS) 
varied in response to the eastern equatorial Atlantic sea-surface 
temperature (SST). Several short-term episodes of decreased moisture 
availability as a result of low eastern equatorial Atlantic SST are 
suggested by planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios.  These episodes 
promoted a weakening of the AMS and thus determined the timing and 
intensity of arid periods. Local sea-surface salinities also reveal 
regional patterns of precipitation in equatorial western Africa. 
The high eastern equatorial Atlantic SSTs occur in concert with 
seasonally increased insolation at low latitudes, suggesting a 
strong response of African monsoonal precipitation to oceanic 
conditions at low latitudes.  
          STUDY NOTES: Planktonic foraminiferal (Globigerinoides ruber pink) Mg/Ca 
and stable oxygen isotope (d18O) measurements, plus calculated 
Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Surface Salinity (SSS), 
and d18O of sea water (d18Osw), from an eastern equatorial 
Atlantic sediment core (offshore Cameroon) for the past 21,000 years. </Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/weldeab2005/weldeab2005.txt</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/weldeab2005/weldeab2005.xls</URL>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
