noaa-ocean-16055 Western Tropical Pacific SST and Isotope Data From MD98-2181 During the Holocene Khider, D.; Jackson, C.S.; Stott, L.D. Western Tropical Pacific SST and Isotope Data From MD98-2181 During the Holocene 2014-02-10 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16055 Investigator D. Khider Investigator C.S. Jackson Investigator L.D. Stott earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,percentile,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Mg/Ca from G. ruber white; 2.5% uncertainty quantile based on Monte-Carlo simulations earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,null,per mil VPDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,corrected,null,N,Globigerinoides rubra; ice volume corrected earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,percentile,per mil VPDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,corrected,null,N,Globigerinoides rubra; 34% uncertainty quantile based on Monte Carlo simulations; ice volume corrected earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,percentile,per mil VPDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,corrected,null,N,Globigerinoides rubra; 97.5% uncertainty quantile based on Monte Carlo simulations; ice volume corrected earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Cibicidoides mundula,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,millimole per mole,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,percentile,per mil VPDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,corrected,null,N,Globigerinoides rubra; 68% uncertainty quantile based on Monte Carlo simulations; ice volume corrected earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,percentile,calendar year before present,null,paleoceanography,null,Monte Carlo simulation,N,97.5th percentile earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,percentile,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Mg/Ca from G. ruber white; 34% uncertainty quantile based on Monte-Carlo simulations earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography delta 18O,delta 18O|magnesium/calcium|sea water,percentile,per mil VPDB,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,corrected,null,N,Globigerinoides rubra; 2.5% uncertainty quantile based on Monte-Carlo simulations; ice volume corrected earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,null,calendar year before present,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,percentile,calendar year before present,null,paleoceanography,null,Monte Carlo simulation,N,2.5th percentile earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 13C,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber white,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,percentile,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Mg/Ca from G. ruber white; 97.5% uncertainty quantile based on Monte-Carlo simulations earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 13C,Cibicidoides mundula,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,percentile,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Mg/Ca from G. ruber white; 68% uncertainty quantile based on Monte-Carlo simulations earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,percentile,calendar year before present,null,paleoceanography,null,Monte Carlo simulation,N,68th percentile earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,Mg/Ca from G. ruber white earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,percentile,calendar year before present,null,paleoceanography,null,Monte Carlo simulation,N,34th percentile earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleocean geochemistry earth science paleoclimate paleocean oxygen isotopes earth science paleoclimate paleocean carbon isotopes earth science paleoclimate paleocean reconstruction geoscientificInformation 1212 cal yr BP 9960 cal yr BP Complete 6.3 6.3 125.83 125.83 -2114 -2114 Ocean Pacific Ocean Western Pacific Ocean MD98-2181>LATITUDE 6.3>LONGITUDE 125.83 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Khider, D., C.S. Jackson, and L.D. Stott 2014 Paleoceanography 10.1002/2013PA002534 Stott, L.D., A. Timmermann, and R.C. Thunell. 2007. Southern Hemisphere and Deep-Sea Warming Led Deglacial Atmospheric CO2 Rise and Tropical Warming. Science, 318(5849), 435 - 438. Stott, L.D., K.G. Cannariato, R.C. Thunell, G.H. Haug, A. Koutavas, and S.P. Lund. 2004. Decline of surface temperature and salinity in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in the Holocene epoch. Nature, v. 431, p. 56-59.

In the present-day climate, surface water salinities are low in the western tropical Pacific Ocean and increase towards the eastern part of the basin. The salinity of surface waters in the tropical Pacific Ocean is thought to be controlled by a combination of atmospheric convection, precipitation, evaporation and ocean dynamics, and on interannual timescales significant variability is associated with the El Niņo/Southern Oscillation cycles. However, little is known about the variability of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system on timescales of centuries to millennia. Here we combine oxygen isotope and Mg/Ca data from foraminifers retrieved from three sediment cores in the western tropical Pacific Ocean to reconstruct Holocene sea surface temperatures and salinities in the region. We find a decrease in sea surface temperatures of ~0.5 °C over the past 10,000 yr, whereas sea surface salinities decreased by ~1.5 practical salinity units. Our data imply either that the Pacific basin as a whole has become progressively less salty or that the present salinity gradient along the Equator has developed relatively recently. STUDY NOTES: Benthic (Cibicicoides mundulus) foraminifera carbon and oxygen isotopes and planktonic foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber) Mg/Ca and carbon and oxygen isotopes from a sediment core recovered from the Davao Gulf (South of Mindanao) in the western tropical Pacific in 1998. The data are analyzed to investigate millennial-scale variability in surface and deep water during the Holocene. The record is 10,000-year long. Oxygen and carbon isotopic analyses were performed at the University of Southern California. Isotopic values are reported in delta notation relative to the Vienna PeeBee Belemnite (VPDB) isotopic standard. The Mg/Ca analyses were performed at the University of Southern California. The 14C chemistry was performed at NOSAMS (WHOI) and the University of California Irvine. 14C dates were converted to calendar ages using the Marine09 calibration curve from Reimer et al. (2009). The foraminifera geochemistry was converted from the depth domain to the time domain by using a spline interpolation between 14C dates. Age model uncertainty was assessed through Monte-Carlo simulations.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/khider2014/khider2014-sst.txt Formatted Text File; MD98-2181 Derived Data - Planktonic GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/khider2014/khider2014-raw.txt Formatted Text File; MD98-2181 Raw Isotopes GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/khider2014/khider2014-benth.txt Formatted Text File; MD98-2181 Derived Data - Benthic USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11