<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-ocean-17536</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Gardar Drift Foraminiferal and Sedimentological Data from the Early Holocene and Younger Dryas</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Elmore, A.C.; Wright, J.D.; Southon, J.R.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Gardar Drift Foraminiferal and Sedimentological Data from the Early Holocene and Younger Dryas</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2014-12-09</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17536</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>A.C.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Elmore</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>J.D.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Wright</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>J.R.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Southon</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>calcium carbonate,sediment,null,percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,coarse fraction &gt;63um</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Globigerina bulloides,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,calendar kiloyear before present,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,Globigerina bulloides,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral,null,null,percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,left coiling</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>Globigerina bulloides,null,null,percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma dextral,null,null,percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,right coiling</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 18O,Globigerina bulloides|Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral,null,per mil PDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>mineral matter,sediment,null,count per gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>calcium carbonate,sediment,null,weight percent,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleoceanography</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>weight,sediment,null,gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,dry &gt;63um</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>oxygen isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>lithology</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>paleocean</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>carbon isotopes</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Younger Dryas</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>13500 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>0 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>56.233333</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>56.233333</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-27.65</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-27.65</Easternmost_Longitude>
    <Minimum_Altitude>-2707</Minimum_Altitude>
    <Maximum_Altitude>-2707</Maximum_Altitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Ocean</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>Atlantic Ocean</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>North Atlantic Ocean</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>KN166-14 11JPC&gt;LATITUDE 56.233333&gt;LONGITUDE -27.65</Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference>
    <Author>Elmore, A.C., J.D. Wright, and J. Southon</Author>
    <Publication_Date>2014</Publication_Date>
    <Title>Continued meltwater influence on North Atlantic Deep Water instabilities during the early Holocene</Title>
    <Series>Marine Geology</Series>
    <Volume>360</Volume>
    <Pages>17-24</Pages>
    <DOI>10.1016/j.margeo.2014.11.015</DOI>
  </Reference>
  <Reference>
    <Author>Elmore, A.C. and J.D. Wright</Author>
    <Publication_Date>2011</Publication_Date>
    <Title>North Atlantic Deep Water and Climate variability during the Younger Dryas cold period</Title>
    <Series>Geology</Series>
    <Volume>29</Volume>
    <Issue>2</Issue>
    <Pages>107-110</Pages>
    <DOI>10.1130/G31376.1</DOI>
  </Reference>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>The transition into the Holocene marks the last large, orbitally derived climatic event and ultimately led to the onset of modern oceanic conditions. The influence of this climatic change on North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation and circulation remains ambiguous. High-resolution records from southern Gardar Drift, south of Iceland, show abrupt decreases in benthic foraminiferal  d13C values at discrete intervals during the early Holocene, suggesting that NADW shoaled episodically. Intervals of lower d13C values are coincident with higher d18ON. pachyderma, d18OG. bulloides and high abundance of lithic grains/g, indicating that these periods also had enhanced surface water stratification due to increased meltwater in the circum-North Atlantic region. Our new planktonic and benthic foraminiferal stable isotopic data show that increased meltwater delivery led to brief reorganizations of deepwater currents. These southern Gardar surface and deep water records indicate that the early Holocene was a period of multiple abrupt climatic events that were propagated to the North Atlantic during the final break up of ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere and suggests that some component of the residual early Holocene sea level rise can be attributed to Northern Hemispheric sources. 
          STUDY NOTES: Age model and paleoceanographic records from the Holocene and Younger Dryas from Gardar Drift. The data set is a combined set from the 2011 Elmore and Wright Geology paper (6-13.5ka), and the 2014 Elmore, Wright and Southon Marine Geology paper (0-11.7ka). The age model is an update version from the 2011 Geology paper.  For the Age model, 14C AMS dates signified by * were not used. The chronostratigraphic tie point at 183cm was updated from 11,500 to 11,700 years for Elmore et al., 2014.
</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/elmore2014/elmore2014.txt</URL>
    <Description>Formatted Text File; KN166-14 11JPC Data</Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2018-12-11</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2018-12-11</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
