noaa-ocean-19874 Eastern Tropical Pacific 1,000 Year Foraminferal d18O and Mg/Ca SST Rustic, G.T.; Koutavas, A.; Marchitto, T.M.; Linsley, B.K. Eastern Tropical Pacific 1,000 Year Foraminferal d18O and Mg/Ca SST 2016-03-09 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19874 Investigator G.T. Rustic Investigator A. Koutavas Investigator T.M. Marchitto Investigator B.K. Linsley earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography depth,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,middle of sample earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age at sample end,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,one standard error of the variance earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from G. ruber earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 13C,Globigerinoides ruber,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,Foraminifer species morphotype earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,unspecified margin of error,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,west-east gradient error (cumulative) earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,variance,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,range of sample earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,Foraminifer species earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography sample identification,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography notes,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,Interval ID earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,null,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,west-east gradient earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age at sample start,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,null,year Common Era,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,middle of sample earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,null,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography depth at sample start,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography magnesium/calcium,Globigerinoides ruber,null,millimole per mole,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard deviation,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 13C,Globigerinoides ruber,one standard error,per mil VPDB,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|paleoceanography sea surface temperature,magnesium/calcium,one standard deviation,degree Celsius,null,climate reconstructions|paleoceanography,null,null,N,from G. ruber earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography depth at sample end,null,null,centimeter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleocean geochemistry earth science paleoclimate paleocean oxygen isotopes earth science paleoclimate paleocean reconstruction geoscientificInformation Little Ice Age (LIA) Medieval Warm Period 862 AD 2009 AD 1088 cal yr BP -59 cal yr BP Complete -1.253 -1.253 -89.6855 -89.6855 -615 -615 Ocean Pacific Ocean Eastern Pacific Ocean KNR195-5 MC42C>LATITUDE -1.253>LONGITUDE -89.6855 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Gerald T. Rustic, Athanasios Koutavas, Thomas M. Marchitto, Braddock K. Linsley 2015 Science 350 6267 1537-1541 10.1126/science.aac9937

Tropical Pacific Ocean dynamics during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) are poorly characterized due to a lack of evidence from the eastern equatorial Pacific. We reconstructed sea surface temperature, El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity, and the tropical Pacific zonal gradient for the past millennium from Galápagos ocean sediments. We document a mid-millennium shift (MMS) in ocean-atmosphere circulation around 1500-1650 CE, from a state with dampened ENSO and strong zonal gradient to one with amplified ENSO and weak gradient. The MMS coincided with the deepest LIA cooling and was probably caused by a southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone. The peak of the MCA (900-1150 CE) was a warm period in the eastern Pacific, contradicting the paradigm of a persistent La Niña pattern. STUDY NOTES: Oxygen isotopes and Mg/Ca data from planktonic foraminifera, plus sea-surface temperature estimates, from an eastern tropical Pacific sediment core, covering the past 1,000 years.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015.txt Data File; Summary Mg/Ca and d18O data from multicore KNR195-5 MC42C GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/rustic2015/rustic2015d18o.txt Data File; d18O from individual Globigerinoides ruber foraminifera from multi-core KNR195-5 MC42C USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11