Large-scale hydrological change drove the late Miocene C4 plant expansion in the Himalayan foreland and Arabian Peninsula

noaa-ocean-22691 Arabian Sea ODP722 11ma Leaf Wax Stable Isotope Data Huang, Y.; Clemens, S.C.; Liu, W.; Wang, Y.; Prell, W.L. Arabian Sea ODP722 11ma Leaf Wax Stable Isotope Data 2017-09-27 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/22691 Investigator Y. Huang Investigator S.C. Clemens Investigator W. Liu Investigator Y. Wang Investigator W.L. Prell earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography depth,null,null,meter,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,meters below sea floor earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 2H,C31 n-alkane,null,per mil,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography n-alkane,null,null,nanogram per gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,total alkanes earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography age,null,null,million years ago,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,Cande and Kent 1995 earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography sample identification,null,null,null,null,paleoceanography,null,null,C,site; see Zachos et al. 2001; supplemental data for sources earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography C25 n-alkane,null,null,nanogram per gram,null,paleoceanography,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate paleoceanography delta 18O,benthic foraminifer,null,per mil,null,paleoceanography,corrected,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,adjusted: CIB (+0.64); NUT (+0.45) (see Shackleton et al. 1984; 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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Yongsong Huang, Steven C. Clemens, Weiguo Liu, Yi Wang, Warren L. Prell 2007 Large-scale hydrological change drove the late Miocene C4 plant expansion in the Himalayan foreland and Arabian Peninsula Geology 35 6 531-534 10.1130/G23666A.1 https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/geology/article-lookup/35/6/531

Carbon isotope changes in paleosols from Siwalik, Pakistan, and marine sediments from the Bengal Fan indicate a major C4 plant expansion in the Himalayan foreland during the late Miocene. However, the timing and mechanisms behind the C4 plant expansion remain enigmatic. Here we present high-resolution (~60 k.y.) biomarker and compound-specific isotope data spanning the past 11 m.y. from Ocean Drilling Program Site 722 in the Arabian Sea. An ~5-6 permil increase in leaf wax d13C values indicates a marked rise of C4 plants from 10 to 5.5 Ma, with accelerated expansion from 7.9 to 5.5 Ma. A concurrent ~50 permil rise in leaf wax dD values is attributed to a combined effect of changes in precipitation amount and evaporation, indicating that source regions for the plant waxes became progressively drier from 10 to 5.5 Ma. In contrast to earlier reports, our isotope records, biomarker abundances, alkenone UK'37, and Globigerina bulloides abundance data do not suggest enhanced summer monsoon circulation during this time interval. Rather, our results suggest that large-scale hydrological changes drove the late Miocene expansion of C4 plants in the Himalayan foreland and Arabian Peninsula. STUDY NOTES: Biomarker and compound-specific isotope data, plus foraminiferal census and isotope data, from Ocean Drilling Program Site 722 in the Arabian Sea, spanning the past 11 m.y. Also included are paleosol carbon and oxygen isotope data from several locations in Pakistan.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2007/huang2007bulloides.txt Formatted Text Data File; ODP722 Globigerina bulloides Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2007/huang2007corg.txt Formatted Text Data File; ODP722 Organic Carbon Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2007/huang2007age.txt Formatted Text Data File; ODP722 Age Model GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2007/huang2007soiliso.txt Formatted Text Data File; Pakistan Paleosol Isotope Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2007/huang2007biomarker.txt Formatted Text Data File; ODP722 Biomarker Isotope Data GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/huang2007/huang2007iso.txt Formatted Text Data File; ODP722 Foraminifera Isotope Data USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11