noaa-other-10751 New South Wales, Australia 140KYr Amino Acid Racemization Data Miller, G.H.; Fogel, M.L.; Magee, J.W.; Gagan, M.K.; Clarke, S.J.; Johnson, B.J. New South Wales, Australia 140KYr Amino Acid Racemization Data 2011-04-01 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10751 Investigator G.H. Miller Investigator M.L. Fogel Investigator J.W. Magee Investigator M.K. Gagan Investigator S.J. Clarke Investigator B.J. Johnson earth science paleoclimate others geoscientificInformation 140000 cal yr BP 0 cal yr BP Complete -34.085 -34.085 141.903 141.903 Continent Australia/New Zealand Australia New South Wales M92-A3>LATITUDE -34.085>LONGITUDE 141.903 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Miller, G.H., M.L. Fogel, J.W. Magee, M.K. Gagan, S.J. Clarke, and B.J. Johnson. 2005. Ecosystem Collapse in Pleistocene Australia and a Human Role in Megafaunal Extinction. Science, Vol. 309, pp 287-290, 8 July 2005. DOI: 10.1126/science.1111288

Most of Australia's largest mammals became extinct 50,000 to 45,000 years ago, shortly after humans colonized the continent. Without exceptional climate change at that time, a human cause is inferred, but a mechanism remains elusive. A 140,000-year record of dietary d13C documents a permanent reduction in food sources available to the Australian emu, beginning about the time of human colonization; a change replicated at three widely separated sites and in the marsupial wombat. We speculate that human firing of landscapes rapidly converted a drought-adapted mosaic of trees, shrubs, and nutritious grasslands to the modern fire-adapted desert scrub. Animals that could adapt survived; those that could not, became extinct. STUDY NOTES: New South Wales, Australia 136KYr Amino Acid Racemization Data LABORTAORY AND ANALYTICAL INFORMATION Samples prepared and analyzed at the University of Colorado, Boulder (CU) Lab PI: Miller, Gifford H. Samples collected and prepared between 1992 and 2003 Pretreatment: Eggshell fragments surface cleaned with dremel tools; 33% leached in 2N HCl in vacuum centrifuge; rinsed with DI water and air dried AA fraction: Total Hydrolysate Hydrolysis procedure: 7N HCl 22 hours 110 deg C Bleach: No Analytical method: IELC Instrumental programming: IELC stepwise buffer change (pH 3.12, 3.86, 10.4) Area or height ratio: height Blank corrections: no Response factors: no Data screening criteria: each sample typically analyzed twice, analyzed again if coefficient of variation >5%. Interlab comparisons: no SAMPLE LOCATION INFORMATION Country or ocean: Australia Region: Darling-Murray State or province or sea: NSW Coordinate precision: ± 5m Datum: WGS84 SAMPLE MATERIAL AND CONTEXT Material type: ratite eggshell Number of individuals: 1 (Lab-ID represents single fragment analysis) Field context: eggshell fragments Field context: lacustrine lunettes Field context: surface collections Collection date: 1992-2002 Collector: Gifford H Miller Sample PI: Gifford H Miller Stratigraphic unit or age: Quaternary Sample ID = "Lab Code + Lab-ID" RESULTS Lab code: AAL Lab number = "Lab Code + Lab-ID" Number of chromatograms: variable; normally > 2 for all IELC analyses Sample or analytical quality AI = A/I

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/aar/miller2005nsw/miller2005nsw.xls GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/aar/miller2005nsw/miller2005nsw.txt USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11