noaa-pollen-13155 Wonderkrater, South Africa 20,000 Year Pollen Data Scott, L. Wonderkrater, South Africa 20,000 Year Pollen Data 2012-07-25 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13155 Investigator L. Scott earth science paleoclimate pollen population abundance geoscientificInformation PAGES 2k Network PAGES Africa 2k 20035 cal yr BP 338 cal yr BP Complete -24.4333 -24.4333 28.75 28.75 1100 1100 Continent Africa Southern Africa South Africa Wonderkrater WkrB3>LATITUDE -24.4333>LONGITUDE 28.75 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Scott, L. 1982. A Late Quaternary Pollen Record from the Transvaal Bushveld, South Africa. Quaternary Research, Vol. 17, Issue 3, May 1982, pp. 339-340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(82)90028-X

Pollen spectra from cores of organic spring deposits from the Transvaal provide evidence for the climatic evolution of the province during the last 35,000 yr B.P. or more. The past climatic phases are derived from palynological reconstructions of past vegetation types by comparison of fossil pollen data with modern surface pollen spectra from various localities. Evidence is provided for an early moist, cool phase with relatively mesic bushveld and expanded montane forest in the central Transvaal, followed by a drier period with drier bushveld which probably lasted until approximately 25,000 yr B.P. During the next phase, which at the latest ended about 11,000 yr B.P., the temperatures were probably 5°-6°C cooler than at present. At that time bushveld vegetation in the central Transvaal was replaced by open grassland with macchia elements. Climatic amelioration came and semiarid savanna returned to the plains, at first gradually and then developing into a warm Kalahari thornveld-type vegetation. After 6000 yr B.P. it apparently became slightly wetter and a more broad-leafed bushveld developed. About 4000 yr B.P. it again became cooler and slightly wetter and the bushveld vegetation on the central and northern plains was comparable to present open upland types. After 2000 yr B.P. conditions gradually became warner until about 1000 yr B.P., when the modern climate of the central Transvaal bushveld originated. STUDY NOTES: 20,000 year pollen record from a peat deposit surrounding the Wonderkrater thermal spring near Naboomspruit, in the Transvaal bushveld, South Africa. Wonderkrater: 24°26'S, 28°45'E, elevation 1100m.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/africa/wonderkrater1982pollen.xls GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pollen/africa/wonderkrater1982pollen.txt USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2018-12-11 2018-12-11