noaa-recon-12217
Fennoscandia 1100 Year Summer Sunshine Reconstruction
Gagen, M.; Zorita, E.; McCarroll, D.; Young, G.H.F.; Grudd, H.; Jalkanen, R.; Loader, N.J.; Robertson, I.; Kirchhefer, A.J.
Fennoscandia 1100 Year Summer Sunshine Reconstruction
2011-10-14
NCDC-Paleoclimatology
ONLINE Files
Pending
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12217
Investigator
M.
Gagen
Investigator
E.
Zorita
Investigator
D.
McCarroll
Investigator
G.H.F.
Young
Investigator
H.
Grudd
Investigator
R.
Jalkanen
Investigator
N.J.
Loader
Investigator
I.
Robertson
Investigator
A.J.
Kirchhefer
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
surface downwelling shortwave radiation,delta 13C,95% confidence interval lower bound,hour,Jul-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,smoothed,null,N,hour per day; smoothed with 9-year centralized moving average
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
surface downwelling shortwave radiation,delta 13C,null,hour,Jul-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,smoothed,null,N,hour per day; smoothed with 9-year centralized moving average
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
surface downwelling shortwave radiation,delta 13C,95% confidence interval upper bound,hour,Jul-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,smoothed,null,N,hour per day; smoothed with 9-year centralized moving average
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
surface downwelling shortwave radiation,delta 13C,null,hour,Jul-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,smoothed,null,N,hour per day; smoothed with 30-year running mean
earth science
paleoclimate
reconstructions
solar radiation
geoscientificInformation
Other Reconstruction
886 AD
2001 AD
1064 cal yr BP
-51 cal yr BP
Complete
68.5
68.5
27.5
27.5
Continent
Europe
Northern Europe
Scandanavia
Finland
LaanilaSS>LATITUDE 68.5>LONGITUDE 27.5
None
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English
DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI
National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data
DATA Center Contact
Bruce
Bauer
bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov
paleo@noaa.gov
303-497-6280
303-497-6513
325 Broadway, E/NE31
Boulder
CO
80305-3328
USA
online
ASCII
Gagen, M., E. Zorita, D. McCarroll, G.H.F. Young, H. Grudd,
R. Jalkanen, N.J. Loader, I. Robertson, and A. Kirchhefer. 2011.
Cloud response to summer temperatures in Fennoscandia
over the last thousand years.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L05701, doi:10.1029/2010GL046216
Cloud cover is one of the most important factors controlling
the radiation balance of the Earth. The response of cloud
cover to increasing global temperatures represents the largest
uncertainty in model estimates of future climate because
the cloud response to temperature is not well constrained.
Here we present the first regional reconstruction of summer
sunshine over the past millennium, based on the stable carbon
isotope ratios of pine tree rings from Fennoscandia.
Comparison with the regional temperature evolution reveals
the Little Ice Age (LIA) to have been sunny, with cloudy
conditions in the warmest periods of the Medieval at this site.
A negative shortwave cloud feedback is indicated at high latitude.
A millennial climate simulation suggests that regionally low
temperatures during the LIA were mostly maintained by a weaker
greenhouse effect due to lower humidity. Simulations of future
climate that display a negative shortwave cloud feedback for
high-latitudes are consistent with our proxy interpretation.
STUDY NOTES: Reconstruction of summer sunshine over the past 1100 years,
based on the stable carbon isotope ratios of pine tree rings
from Fennoscandia. Data are presented as 9-year smoothed
estimate of July and August average daily sunshine hours
at Laanila, Finland, 68°30'N, 27°30'E.
Details on 9-yr Smoothing
The sub-fossil chronology was built using eight cohorts of trees
of increasing calendar age. The 5-year-pool method (Boettger et al.,
2009) was used to target the multi-decadal and lower frequency
climate information of interest without recourse to time consuming
annual sampling. Blocks, each containing five rings, were offset
by one year between each of five trees per cohort. Using this method,
when each block value for each tree is averaged across each year,
the final chronology approximates a 9-year centralized moving average
and does not retain the inter-annual signal such that the series
is produced by physical smoothing using the block cutting system.
We supplemented this 5-year 'offset pooling' method with an additional
step for checking the absolute d13C value at cohort joins to encourage
low frequency signal retention. Where cohorts meet, the mean absolute
d13C value was checked, for a short overlap period, via a series of 8
join-points. At each join-point a much larger number of trees
(average n=16, Table SM1) were analyzed over a single 5-yr block.
The offset between the raw d13C chronology and the 'true' mean
at the join-points was small (average 0.1‰ with a standard deviation
of 0.4‰).
Details on calculation of error bars
The total error on the chronology (Figure Supporting Material 2)
represents the square root of the sum of 'raw' error (sigma1 the
95% confidence limit calculated from the average and standard
deviation of 5 trees for each data point, in raw form, non join
point corrected) and the 95% confidence limit on each join-point
(sigma2). The total error thus was calculated as:
Total error = sqrrt ((sigma1e2) + (sigma2e2))
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2011sunshine.xls
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2011sunshine.txt
USA/NOAA
DIF
Version 9.8.4
2018-12-11
2018-12-11