noaa-recon-14788
Southern Africa 200 Year Multiproxy Summer and Winter Precipitation Reconstructions
Neukom, R.; Nash, D.J.; Endfield, G.H.; Grab, S.W.; Grove, C.A.; Kelso, C.; Vogel, C.H.; Zinke, J.
Southern Africa 200 Year Multiproxy Summer and Winter Precipitation Reconstructions
2013-08-05
NCDC-Paleoclimatology
ONLINE Files
Pending
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/14788
Investigator
R.
Neukom
Investigator
D.J.
Nash
Investigator
G.H.
Endfield
Investigator
S.W.
Grab
Investigator
C.A.
Grove
Investigator
C.
Kelso
Investigator
C.H.
Vogel
Investigator
J.
Zinke
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,two standard error,millimeter,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions,anomalized,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; Combined calibration and ensemble 2*standard error; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
strontium/calcium,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,corals and sclerosponges,infilled|normalized,null,N,Ifaty4
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,historical,infilled|normalized,null,N,Eastern Cape
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,Kalahari precip
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,Southern Cape
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_U_635
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_U_681
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_V_677
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,ensemble member,standard deviation unit,null,historical,null,null,N,documentary records extended to present-day using the approach presented in paper
earth science
paleoclimate
instrumental
precipitation,null,null,millimeter,Apr-Sep,instrumental,anomalized,null,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,two standard error,millimeter,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions,anomalized|filtered,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; Combined calibration and ensemble 2*standard error; 30-year loess filtered; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
delta 18O,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,corals and sclerosponges,infilled|normalized,null,N,ifaty1
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,Eastern Cape
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,historical,infilled|normalized,null,N,Namaqualand
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_V_591
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
precipitation,ring width,null,millimeter,Nov-Feb,climate reconstructions|tree ring,raw,null,N,Zimbabwe rainfall reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,historical,infilled|normalized,null,N,Southern Cape
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,ensemble member,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,documentary records extended to present-day using the scale approach
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,null,millimeter,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions,anomalized,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,two standard error,millimeter,Apr-Sep,climate reconstructions,anomalized|filtered,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; Combined calibration and ensemble 2*standard error; 30-year loess filtered; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|tree ring
precipitation,ring width,null,standard deviation unit,Nov-Feb,climate reconstructions|tree ring,infilled|normalized,null,N,Zimbabwe rainfall reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,historical,infilled|normalized,null,N,Lesotho
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_U_546
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_V_637
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
strontium/calcium,null,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,ifaty1
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_U_678
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_U_679
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|instrumental
age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|instrumental,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,null,millimeter,Apr-Sep,climate reconstructions,anomalized,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
delta 18O,null,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,Ifaty4
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
wind speed,null,null,null,null,historical,null,null,N,CLIWOC_V_592
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,ensemble member,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,documentary records extended to present-day using the approach presented in paper
earth science
paleoclimate
tree ring
tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited|infilled,null,N,Die Bos
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|historical
age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|historical,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
strontium/calcium,null,null,millimole per mole,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,Ifaty4
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,null,millimeter,Oct-Mar,climate reconstructions,anomalized|filtered,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; 30-year loess filtered; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,two standard error,millimeter,Apr-Sep,climate reconstructions,anomalized,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; Combined calibration and ensemble 2*standard error; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions
precipitation,multiple proxies,null,millimeter,Apr-Sep,climate reconstructions,anomalized|filtered,regression analysis,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD; 30-year loess filtered; ensemble principal components regression reconstruction
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
strontium/calcium,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,corals and sclerosponges,infilled|normalized,null,N,ifaty1
earth science
paleoclimate
instrumental
precipitation,null,null,millimeter,Oct-Mar,instrumental,anomalized,null,N,Reference period 1961-1990 AD
earth science
paleoclimate
climate reconstructions|historical|tree ring
age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|historical|tree ring,null,null,N,null
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
delta 18O,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,corals and sclerosponges,infilled|normalized,null,N,Ifaty4
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
delta 18O,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,corals and sclerosponges,infilled|normalized,null,N,Mayotte
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
delta 18O,null,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,ifaty1
earth science
paleoclimate
corals and sclerosponges
delta 18O,null,null,per mil PDB,null,corals and sclerosponges,null,null,N,Mayotte
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,historical,infilled|normalized,null,N,Kalahari precip
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,Lesotho
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,null,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,Namaqualand
earth science
paleoclimate
historical
precipitation,null,ensemble member,dimensionless,null,historical,null,null,N,documentary records extended to present-day using the Pfister approach
earth science
paleoclimate
instrumental
precipitation,null,null,standard deviation unit,null,instrumental,infilled|normalized,null,N,Royal Observatory
earth science
paleoclimate
instrumental
precipitation,null,null,millimeter,null,instrumental,null,null,N,Royal Observatory
earth science
paleoclimate
tree ring
tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Die Bos
earth science
paleoclimate
reconstructions
precipitation
geoscientificInformation
Precipitation Reconstruction
precipitation
1796 AD
2006 AD
154 cal yr BP
-56 cal yr BP
Complete
-35
-10
10
50
Continent
Africa
Southern Africa
Southern Africa>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE
None
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English
DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI
National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data
DATA Center Contact
Bruce
Bauer
bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov
paleo@noaa.gov
303-497-6280
303-497-6513
325 Broadway, E/NE31
Boulder
CO
80305-3328
USA
online
ASCII
Raphael Neukom, David J. Nash, Georgina H. Endfield, Stefan W. Grab, Craig A. Grove, Clare Kelso, Coleen H. Vogel, Jens Zinke. 2013. Multi-proxy summer and winter precipitation reconstruction for southern Africa over the last 200 years. Climate Dynamics, DOI: 10.1007/s00382-013-1886-6
This study presents the first consolidation of palaeoclimate proxy records from multiple archives to develop statistical rainfall reconstructions for southern Africa covering the last two centuries. State-of-the-art ensemble reconstructions reveal multi-decadal rainfall variability in the summer and winter rainfall zones. A decrease in precipitation amount over time is identified in the summer rainfall zone. No significant change in precipitation amount occurred in the winter rainfall zone, but rainfall variability has increased over time. Generally synchronous rainfall fluctuations between the two zones are identified on decadal scales, with common wet (dry) periods reconstructed around 1890 (1930). A strong relationship between seasonal rainfall and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the surrounding oceans is confirmed. Coherence among decadal-scale fluctuations of southern African rainfall, regional SST, SSTs in the Pacific Ocean and rainfall in south-eastern Australia suggest SST-rainfall teleconnections across the southern hemisphere. Temporal breakdowns of the SST-rainfall relationship in the southern African regions and the connection between the two rainfall zones are observed, for example during the 1950s. Our results confirm the complex interplay between large-scale teleconnections, regional SSTs and local effects in modulating multi-decadal southern African rainfall variability over long timescales.
STUDY NOTES: Time series of instrumental and reconstructed southern Africa Summer Rainfall Zone (SRZ)
and Winter Rainfall Zone (WRZ) rainfall including 2SE uncertainties and 30-year filtered data
as used for the plots in Neukom et al. 2013 Climate Dynamics.
Also included are Time series of proxy data used for the SRZ and WRZ reconstructions:
SRZ_proxies_infilled: lag adjusted and infilled proxy data as used for the reconstructions
SRZ_proxies_raw: raw (not infilled) but lag adjusted proxy data
CLIWOC_DJF_SRZ: Time series of CLIWOC/ICOADS wind speed data used for the alternative SRZ reconstructions (See Supplementary Material Section S6).
Also included are extended ensembles as follows:
Ensemble of extended documentary data as described in the Supplementary Material (section S2).
Each file contains 1000 realizations of documentary index time series prolonged to present.
There is one file for each region and extension method.
The files ending with "same.txt" are the ones that were used for the final reconstructions (see SM section S2).
From these files, one time series is sampled as predictor for each of the 3000 reconstruction ensemble members (details see section S4).
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/neukom2013recons.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/cliwoc-jja-wrz.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/wrz-proxies-infilled.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/wrz-proxies-raw.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/E-Cape_ensemble_1821_2007_same.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Kalahari_ensemble_1815_2008_same.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Lesotho_ensemble_1824_1996_pfister.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Namaqualand_ensemble_1815_1997_pfister.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/S-Cape_ensemble_1815_2008_pfister.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/cliwoc-djf-srz.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Kalahari_ensemble_1815_2008_pfister.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Kalahari_ensemble_1815_2008_scale.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/S-Cape_ensemble_1815_2008_same.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/srz-proxies-infilled.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/srz-proxies-raw.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/E-Cape_ensemble_1821_2007_scale.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Lesotho_ensemble_1824_1996_same.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Namaqualand_ensemble_1815_1997_same.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/E-Cape_ensemble_1821_2007_pfister.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/Namaqualand_ensemble_1815_1997_scale.txt
GET DATA
https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/neukom2013/S-Cape_ensemble_1815_2008_scale.txt
USA/NOAA
DIF
Version 9.8.4
2019-03-01
2019-03-01