noaa-recon-19943 Fennoscandia 1200 Year Tree Growth Data and Summer Temperature Reconstruction McCarroll, D.; Loader, N.J.; Jalkanen, R.; Gagen, M.; Grudd, H.; Gunnarson, B.E.; Kirchhefer, A.J.; Friedrich, M.; Linderholm, H.W.; Lindholm, M.; Boettger, T.; Los, S.O.; Remmele, S.; Kononov, Y.M.; Yamazaki, Y.H.; Young, G.H.F.; Zorita, E. Fennoscandia 1200 Year Tree Growth Data and Summer Temperature Reconstruction 2016-03-30 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files Pending https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19943 Investigator D. McCarroll Investigator N.J. Loader Investigator R. Jalkanen Investigator M. Gagen Investigator H. Grudd Investigator B.E. Gunnarson Investigator A.J. Kirchhefer Investigator M. Friedrich Investigator H.W. Linderholm Investigator M. Lindholm Investigator T. Boettger Investigator S.O. Los Investigator S. Remmele Investigator Y.M. Kononov Investigator Y.H. Yamazaki Investigator G.H.F. Young Investigator E. Zorita earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|tree ring age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited|normalized,null,N,McCarroll 2013 PISY northern pine tree growth composite; mean values z-scored to have a mean of zero and standard deviation of one over the common period earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Forfjorddalen PISY tree ring density earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Torneträsk PISY tree ring width earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,averaged|composited,null,N,McCarroll 2013 PISY northern pine tree growth composite earth science paleoclimate instrumental surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|tree ring surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,regression analysis,N,simple linear regression earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Forfjorddalen PISY tree ring width earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Laanila PISY annual height increment earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Khibiny PISY tree ring width earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Torneträsk PISY tree ring density earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Laanila PISY tree ring density earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Laanila PISY tree ring width earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,null,N,Khibiny PISY tree ring blue intensity (a surrogate for density) earth science paleoclimate climate reconstructions|tree ring surface temperature,null,null,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,Variance scaled earth science paleoclimate reconstructions air temperature geoscientificInformation Air Temperature Reconstruction PISY Pinus sylvestris L. Scots pine Scotch pine 800 AD 2005 AD 1150 cal yr BP -55 cal yr BP Complete 66.42 70.83 14.05 35.32 Continent Europe Northern Europe Scandanavia Fennoscandia>LATITUDE >LONGITUDE None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII Danny McCarroll, Neil J. Loader, Risto Jalkanen, Mary H. Gagen, Håkan Grudd, Björn E. Gunnarson, Andreas J. Kirchhefer, Michael Friedrich, Hans W. Linderholm, Markus Lindholm, Tatjana Boettger, Sietse O. Los, Sabine Remmele, Yuri M. Kononov, Yasuhiro H. Yamazaki, Giles H.F. Young, and Eduardo Zorita 2013 The Holocene 23 4 471-484 10.1177/0959683612467483 http://hol.sagepub.com/content/23/4.toc

Combining nine tree growth proxies from four sites, from the west coast of Norway to the Kola Peninsula of NW Russia, provides a well replicated (> 100 annual measurements per year) mean index of tree growth over the last 1200 years that represents the growth of much of the northern pine timberline forests of northern Fennoscandia. The simple mean of the nine series, z-scored over their common period, correlates strongly with mean June to August temperature averaged over this region (r = 0.81), allowing reconstructions of summer temperature based on regression and variance scaling. The reconstructions correlate significantly with gridded summer temperatures across the whole of Fennoscandia, extending north across Svalbard and south into Denmark. Uncertainty in the reconstructions is estimated by combining the uncertainty in mean tree growth with the uncertainty in the regression models. Over the last seven centuries the uncertainty is < 4.5% higher than in the 20th century, and reaches a maximum of 12% above recent levels during the 10th century. The results suggest that the 20th century was the warmest of the last 1200 years, but that it was not significantly different from the 11th century. The coldest century was the 17th. The impact of volcanic eruptions is clear, and a delayed recovery from pairs or multiple eruptions suggests the presence of some positive feedback mechanism. There is no clear and consistent link between northern Fennoscandian summer temperatures and solar forcing. STUDY NOTES: Tree growth indices (ring width, density, tree height) from 4 sites in northern Fennoscandia, plus summer (June-August) temperature reconstruction for the past 1,200 years.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/europe/fennoscandia2013temp.txt Data File; Fennoscandia Tree Growth Data and Summer Temperature Reconstruction USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2019-03-01 2019-03-01