<DIF xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.8.4.xsd">
  <Entry_ID>noaa-recon-5696</Entry_ID>
  <Entry_Title>Leavitt et al. 2007 Southwestern U.S. Drought Maps From Pinyon Tree-Ring Carbon Isotopes</Entry_Title>
  <Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>Leavitt, S.W.; Chase, T.N.; Rajagopalan, B.; Lee, E.; Lawrence, P.J.; Woodhouse, C.A.</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Title>Leavitt et al. 2007 Southwestern U.S. Drought Maps From Pinyon Tree-Ring Carbon Isotopes</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>2007-07-01</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Publisher>NCDC-Paleoclimatology</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>ONLINE Files</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Dataset_DOI>Pending</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/5696</Online_Resource>
  </Data_Set_Citation>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>S.W.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Leavitt</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>T.N.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Chase</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>B.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Rajagopalan</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>E.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Lee</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>P.J.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Lawrence</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Personnel>
    <Role>Investigator</Role>
    <First_Name>C.A.</First_Name>
    <Last_Name>Woodhouse</Last_Name>
  </Personnel>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>moisture index,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,Single-year drought indices are derived from a straight-line fit to the 1985-1999 d13C values</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>moisture index,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,&quot;1600-04 to 1975-79 isotope drought indices are all from the spline curves with stiffness=50 from the Leavitt &amp; Long (1989) paper. 1980-84 isotope drought index is from spline fit to full chronology of d13C at each site, using average annual d13C values from 1985-89 to produce mean pentad drought indexes for 1985-89, 1990-94 and 1995. 1985-89, 1990-94 and 1995-99 isotope drought indices are also from the same spline fit using the average of 5 single-year d13C values as the pentad values.&quot;</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>delta 13C,null,null,per mil PDB,null,tree ring,averaged,null,N,pentad averages</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>moisture index,null,null,dimensionless,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,&quot;1600-04 to 1975-79 isotope drought indices are all from the spline curves with stiffness=50 from the Leavitt &amp; Long (1989) paper. 1980-84 isotope drought index is from spline fit to full chronology of d13C at each site, using average annual d13C values from 1985-89 to produce mean pentad drought indexes for 1985-89, 1990-94 and 1995. 1985-89, 1990-94 and 1995-99 isotope drought indices are the average of 5 single-year d13C values--- NOT a result of a spline fit to pentads.&quot;</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>climate reconstructions|tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age at sample start,null,null,year Common Era,null,climate reconstructions|tree ring,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age at sample start,null,null,year Common Era,null,tree ring,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>tree ring</Term>
    <Detailed_Variable>age,null,null,year Common Era,null,tree ring,null,null,N,null</Detailed_Variable>
  </Parameters>
  <Parameters>
    <Category>earth science</Category>
    <Topic>paleoclimate</Topic>
    <Term>reconstructions</Term>
    <Variable_Level_1>ground water</Variable_Level_1>
  </Parameters>
  <ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
  <Keyword>Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction</Keyword>
  <Keyword>drought</Keyword>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>1600 AD</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>1999 AD</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>350 cal yr BP</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>-49 cal yr BP</Paleo_Stop_Date>
  </Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
  <Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
  <Spatial_Coverage>
    <Southernmost_Latitude>31</Southernmost_Latitude>
    <Northernmost_Latitude>42</Northernmost_Latitude>
    <Westernmost_Longitude>-121</Westernmost_Longitude>
    <Easternmost_Longitude>-101</Easternmost_Longitude>
  </Spatial_Coverage>
  <Location>
    <Location_Category>Continent</Location_Category>
    <Location_Type>North America</Location_Type>
    <Location_Subregion1>United States Of America</Location_Subregion1>
    <Detailed_Location>Southwestern United States&gt;LATITUDE &gt;LONGITUDE </Detailed_Location>
  </Location>
  <Access_Constraints>None</Access_Constraints>
  <Use_Constraints>Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.</Use_Constraints>
  <Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
  <Data_Center>
    <Data_Center_Name>
      <Short_Name>DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI</Short_Name>
      <Long_Name>National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce </Long_Name>
    </Data_Center_Name>
    <Data_Center_URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data</Data_Center_URL>
    <Personnel>
      <Role>DATA Center Contact</Role>
      <First_Name>Bruce</First_Name>
      <Last_Name>Bauer</Last_Name>
      <Email>bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Email>paleo@noaa.gov</Email>
      <Phone>303-497-6280</Phone>
      <Fax>303-497-6513</Fax>
      <Contact_Address>
        <Address>325 Broadway, E/NE31</Address>
        <City>Boulder</City>
        <Province_or_State>CO</Province_or_State>
        <Postal_Code>80305-3328</Postal_Code>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </Contact_Address>
    </Personnel>
  </Data_Center>
  <Distribution>
    <Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
    <Distribution_Format>ASCII</Distribution_Format>
  </Distribution>
  <Reference/>
  <Summary>
    <Abstract>Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables derived from paleoclimate proxies.  Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set.  Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations. 
          STUDY NOTES: This study utilizes 
14 pinyon pine sites collected across 6 states in the American Southwest 
to develop Drought Indices using d13C analysis. IITRDB4</Abstract>
  </Summary>
  <Related_URL>
    <URL_Content_Type>
      <Type>GET DATA</Type>
    </URL_Content_Type>
    <URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/isotope/northamerica/usa/leavitt2007/</URL>
    <Description>Data Folder; </Description>
  </Related_URL>
  <IDN_Node>
    <Short_Name>USA/NOAA</Short_Name>
  </IDN_Node>
  <Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
  <Metadata_Version>Version 9.8.4</Metadata_Version>
  <DIF_Creation_Date>2019-03-01</DIF_Creation_Date>
  <Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2019-03-01</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
