The Effect of Periodical Cicadas on Growth of Five Tree Species in Midwestern Deciduous Forests Full Access

noaa-tree-18198 Speer - Greene-Sullivan State Forest - QUVE - ITRDB IN002 Speer, J.H.; Clay, K.; Bishop, G.; Creech, M. Speer - Greene-Sullivan State Forest - QUVE - ITRDB IN002 2014-12-02 NCDC-Paleoclimatology ONLINE Files 10.25921/epgp-m695 https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/18198 Investigator J.H. Speer Investigator K. Clay Investigator G. Bishop Investigator M. Creech earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 06A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 15A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 17B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 18B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 19A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 20A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 02A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 06B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 07A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 09B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 11A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 12A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 15B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 20B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,standard,N,null earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 04B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 08B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 14B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 01A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 08A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 16A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring number of samples,null,null,count,null,tree ring,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 03A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 03B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 10B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 12B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 13A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 17A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 05B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 16B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 18A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 19B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring age,null,null,year Common Era,null,tree ring,null,null,N,null earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,residual,N,null earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 02B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 04A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 09A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring tree ring standardized growth index,null,null,null,null,tree ring,composited,ARSTAN,N,null earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 01B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 05A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 07B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 10A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 11B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 13B; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree ring total ring width,null,null,millimeter,null,tree ring,null,null,N,Tree ID: GSF 14A; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 earth science paleoclimate tree-ring width geoscientificInformation QUVE Quercus velutina Lam. black oak 1907 AD 2004 AD 43 cal yr BP -54 cal yr BP Complete 39.0333 39.0333 -87.25 -87.25 179 179 Continent North America United States Of America Indiana Greene-Sullivan State Forest>LATITUDE 39.0333>LONGITUDE -87.25 None Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. English DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data DATA Center Contact Bruce Bauer bruce.a.bauer@noaa.gov paleo@noaa.gov 303-497-6280 303-497-6513

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Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA online ASCII James H. Speer, Keith Clay, Graham Bishop, and Michelle Creech 2010 The Effect of Periodical Cicadas on Growth of Five Tree Species in Midwestern Deciduous Forests Full Access American Midland Naturalist 164 2 173-186 10.1674/0003-0031-164.2.173 http://www.bioone.org/toc/amid/164/2

Periodical cicada emergences in the eastern United States are one of the largest biomass fluctuations in the world, providing a unique opportunity to study if a root parasite can affect broad-scale patterns of forest growth and succession. We used dendrochronology to examine the direct effect of Brood X (17 y cicada) and Brood XXIII (13 y cicada) periodical cicadas on 89 individual trees from five species (Acer saccharum, Fraxinus americana, Quercus palustris, Q. velutina and Sassafras albidum) in Indiana. Standard dendrochronological techniques were used to date the tree-ring samples and our chronologies ranged from 63-98 y in age, spanning from four to eight cicada emergences. We removed the main climate variable from each species chronology by conducting a regression analysis and using the residuals for the remainder of the analysis. Significant climate models were developed for all five species. Acer saccharum growth correlated highest with Jun. temperature (r = -0.392), Fraxinus americana growth correlated with summer Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) (r = 0.338), Quercus palustris growth correlated with summer precipitation (r = 0.366), Q. velutina growth correlated with Jul. PDSI (r = 0.527) and Sassafras albidum growth correlated the highest with Jun. precipitation (r = 0.406). A superposed epoch analysis was used to examine the effect of periodical cicadas on each tree species before, during and after multiple emergences on the stand level. No effect from root parasitism prior to emergence was evident in any of the species, but three of the species chronologies showed a significant reduction in growth the year of or the year after the emergence year. Three chronologies showed an increase in growth 5 y following the cicada emergence event. STUDY NOTES: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.

GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/in002r-noaa.crn Chronology - NOAA Template File; in002r-noaa.crn GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/in002-noaa.rwl Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File; in002-noaa.rwl GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/northamerica/usa/in002.rwl GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/in002r.crn GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/in002a-noaa.crn Chronology - NOAA Template File; in002a-noaa.crn GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/in002.txt GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/in002.crn GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/in002a.crn GET DATA https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/northamerica/usa/in002-noaa.crn Chronology - NOAA Template File; in002-noaa.crn USA/NOAA DIF Version 9.8.4 2019-02-15 2019-02-15