# Chipman fire data from Perch Lake, North Slope, Alaska - IMPD USPC-001 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19540 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspc-001.mag # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uspc-001-charanalysis-param.csv # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uspc-001-charanalysis-data.csv # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/supplemental/uspc-001-charaanalysis-results.csv # # Archive: Fire History # # Parameter_Keywords: Charcoal Sediments #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-12-01 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Chipman fire data from Perch Lake, North Slope, Alaska - IMPD USPC-001 #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Chipman, Melissa L.; Hudspith, Vicky; Higuera, Philip E.; Duffy, Paul A.; Kelly, Ryan, Oswald, Wyatt W.; Hu, Feng Sheng #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from lake sediments, Perch Lake, North Slope, Alaska. # # Provided Keywords: tundra fire-regimes, Arctic, Alaska # # Additional Information: # Contact person: Feng Sheng Hu # Sample storage location: University of Illinois, Urbana. # Sampling date: 2008 # Site size(ha): 14 # Location description: Tussock-sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra # State/Province: Alaska # Water depth(cm): 12.6 # Sampling device: All cores were taken with a combination of 7.5 cm livingstone, 5 cm livingstone, and 7.5 cm polycarbonate tube; # Analysis method: Macroscopic charcoal counts (>125 micorns). Please see Chipman et al. 2015 for details #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Chipman, M.L., Hudspith, V., Higuera, P.E., Duffy, P.A., Kelly, R., Oswald, W.W., and F.S. Hu # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Published_Title: Spatiotemporal patterns of tundra fires: late-Quaternary charcoal records from Alaska # Journal_Name: Biogeosciences # Volume: 12 # Issue: # Pages: 4017-4027 # Report Number: # DOI: doi:10.5194/bg-12-4017-2015 # Abstract: Anthropogenic climate change has altered many ecosystem processes in the Arctic tundra and may have resulted in unprecedented fire activity. Evaluating the significance of recent fires requires knowledge from the paleofire record because observational data in the Arctic span only several decades, much shorter than the natural fire rotation in Arctic tundra regions. Here we report results of charcoal analysis on lake sediments from four Alaskan lakes to infer the broad spatial and temporal patterns of tundra-fire occurrence over the past 35 000 years. Background charcoal accumulation rates are low in all records (0-0.05 pieces cm-2 yr-1), suggesting minimal biomass burning across our study areas. Charcoal peak analysis reveals that the mean fire-return interval (FRI; years between consecutive fire events) ranged from ca. 1650 to 6050 years at our sites, and that the most recent fire events occurred from ca. 880 to 7030 years ago, except for the CE 2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire. These mean FRI estimates are longer than the fire rotation periods estimated for the past 63 years in the areas surrounding three of the four study lakes. This result suggests that the frequency of tundra burning was higher over the recent past compared to the late Quaternary in some tundra regions. However, the ranges of FRI estimates from our paleofire records overlap with the expected values based on fire-rotation-period estimates from the observational fire data, and the differences are statistically insignificant. Together with previous tundra-fire reconstructions, these data suggest that the rate of tundra burning was spatially variable and that fires were extremely rare in our study areas throughout the late Quaternary. Given the rarity of tundra burning over multiple millennia in our study areas and the pronounced effects of fire on tundra ecosystem processes such as carbon cycling, dramatic tundra ecosystem changes are expected if anthropogenic climate change leads to more frequent tundra fires. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NSF # Grant: ARC-1023477 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NSF # Grant: ARC-1023669 #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: EPA STAR # Grant: Doctoral award to MLC #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Perch Lake Alaska # Location: Alaska # Country: USA # Northernmost_Latitude: 68.941494 # Southernmost_Latitude: 68.941494 # Easternmost_Longitude: -150.499372 # Westernmost_Longitude: -150.499372 # Elevation: 400 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USPC-001 MAG # First_Year: 9460 # Last_Year: -58 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: 2.095 # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # # Labcode # depth_top # depth_bottom # mat.dated # Lead.210.Act # Lead.210.err # 14C.raw # 14C.raw_err # datemeth # model.210Pb # model.210Pb_2sig_up # model.210Pb_2sig_lo # calib.14C # calib.14C_2sig_lo # calib.14C_2sig_up # calib_method # rejected # notes # # Labcode depth_top depth_bottom mat.dated Lead.210.Act Lead.210.err 14C.raw 14C.raw_err datemeth model.210Pb model.210Pb_2sig_up model.210Pb_2sig_lo calib.14C calib.14C_2sig_lo calib.14C_2sig_up calib_method rejected notes # UIUC F4-1 0 1 bulk sediment 30.84 2.8 NaN NaN Lead_210 -58 -58.1 -57.9 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # UIUC F4-2 1 2 bulk sediment 23.64 2 NaN NaN Lead_210 -56 -57.590537274474 -54.409462725526 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # UIUC F4-3 2 3 bulk sediment 16.33 1.44 NaN NaN Lead_210 -43 -45.1886271658251 -40.8113728341749 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # UIUC F4-4 3 4 bulk sediment 9.24 0.8 NaN NaN Lead_210 -25 -27.8808944605998 -22.1191055394002 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # UIUC F4-5 4 5 bulk sediment 5.88 0.53 NaN NaN Lead_210 -2 -5.9256358991829 1.9256358991829 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # UIUC F4-6 5 6 bulk sediment 3.15 0.33 NaN NaN Lead_210 28 20.8501815055118 35.1498184944882 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # UIUC F4-7 6 7 bulk sediment 2.85 0.27 NaN NaN Lead_210 55 42.0405489541076 67.9594510458924 NaN NaN NaN CRS_Model NaN Binford, 1990 # CAMS 140576 14 33 twig NaN NaN 295 35 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 382 290 462 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 140577 29.75 30 twig NaN NaN 925 35 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 847 751 919 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 140275 50 50.25 wood NaN NaN 2460 35 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 2538 2368 2701 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 158760 57.5 57.75 twig w/bark NaN NaN 2735 30 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 2822 2771 2913 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 140578 73.25 73.5 twigs NaN NaN 3560 60 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 3853 3697 4048 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 158761 77 78 leaf, wood, rootlets NaN NaN 3805 35 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 4194 4092 4359 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 156437 104 104.5 bark NaN NaN 4290 80 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 4864 4602 5206 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 156439 129.5 130 twigs w/bark NaN NaN 5915 30 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 6733 6671 6824 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 156438 167 167.5 twig w/bark NaN NaN 8020 35 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 8889 8745 9006 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # CAMS 156440 216 216.5 twig w/bark NaN NaN 8445 30 14C AMS NaN NaN NaN 9478 9432 9522 Calib_v6.0 NaN Intcal 09 Dataset # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth-cm-top Depth,,,cm ,,,top depth,,N ## depth-cm-bottom Depth,,,cm ,,,bottom depth,,N ## age-calBP-top Age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## age-calBP-bottom Age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,bottom of sample,,N ## vol-susc-si Volume magnetic susceptibility,sediment,,x10-6 unitless SI system,,Fire History,,cup sensor,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: -999 depth-cm-top depth-cm-bottom age-calBP-top age-calBP-bottom vol-susc-si 0.00 0.50 -58.0 -57.7 0.0 0.50 1.00 -57.7 -55.4 0.5 1.00 1.50 -55.4 -49.8 1.0 1.50 2.00 -49.8 -42.0 1.2 2.00 2.50 -42.0 -33.4 1.4 2.50 3.00 -33.4 -24.0 1.5 3.00 3.50 -24.0 -13.7 1.6 3.50 4.00 -13.7 -1.4 2.1 4.00 4.50 -1.4 13.6 2.0 4.50 5.00 13.6 29.4 1.9 5.00 5.50 29.4 44.0 2.3 5.50 6.00 44.0 57.7 2.3 6.00 6.50 57.7 79.6 2.4 6.50 7.00 79.6 101.3 2.2 7.00 7.50 101.3 122.9 2.3 7.50 8.00 122.9 144.3 2.1 8.00 8.50 144.3 165.5 2.5 8.50 9.00 165.5 186.4 2.7 9.00 9.50 186.4 207.0 2.2 9.50 10.00 207.0 227.3 2.5 10.00 10.50 227.3 247.2 2.3 10.50 11.00 247.2 266.6 1.5 11.00 11.50 266.6 285.4 2.8 11.50 12.00 285.4 303.7 0.4 12.00 12.50 303.7 321.4 0.7 12.50 13.00 321.4 338.4 0.8 13.00 13.50 338.4 354.7 1.2 13.50 14.00 354.7 370.2 1.9 14.00 14.50 370.2 384.9 0.9 14.50 15.00 384.9 398.9 2.2 15.00 15.50 398.9 412.1 1.8 15.50 16.00 412.1 424.7 0.9 16.00 16.50 424.7 436.8 0.6 16.50 17.00 436.8 448.4 0.7 17.00 17.50 448.4 459.7 2.6 17.50 18.00 459.7 470.6 0.6 18.00 18.50 470.6 481.4 0.8 18.50 19.00 481.4 492.1 2.2 19.00 19.50 492.1 502.7 2.4 19.50 20.00 502.7 513.4 2.8 20.00 20.50 513.4 524.2 0.8 20.50 21.00 524.2 535.2 1.8 21.00 21.50 535.2 546.5 2.3 21.50 22.00 546.5 558.2 1.6 22.00 22.50 558.2 570.4 1.8 22.50 23.00 570.4 583.1 1.0 23.00 23.50 583.1 596.4 0.6 23.50 24.00 596.4 610.5 1.3 24.00 24.50 610.5 625.3 1.3 24.50 25.00 625.3 641.0 2.6 25.00 25.50 641.0 657.7 2.3 25.50 26.00 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1967.9 0.8 43.00 43.50 1967.9 2012.5 1.4 43.50 44.00 2012.5 2056.4 1.2 44.00 44.50 2056.4 2099.6 1.2 44.50 45.00 2099.6 2141.9 1.2 45.00 45.50 2141.9 2183.3 1.2 45.50 46.00 2183.3 2223.7 2.0 46.00 46.50 2223.7 2262.9 1.9 46.50 47.00 2262.9 2300.9 1.2 47.00 47.50 2300.9 2337.6 2.0 47.50 48.00 2337.6 2372.9 1.8 48.00 48.50 2372.9 2406.8 1.7 48.50 49.00 2406.8 2439.1 2.1 49.00 49.50 2439.1 2469.7 1.7 49.50 50.00 2469.7 2498.6 1.9 50.00 50.50 2498.6 2525.6 1.8 50.50 51.00 2525.6 2550.9 2.2 51.00 51.50 2550.9 2574.8 2.3 51.50 52.00 2574.8 2597.2 2.2 52.00 52.50 2597.2 2618.6 2.2 52.50 53.00 2618.6 2639.0 1.8 53.00 53.50 2639.0 2658.7 2.5 53.50 54.00 2658.7 2677.8 2.5 54.00 54.50 2677.8 2696.5 2.2 54.50 55.00 2696.5 2715.0 2.2 55.00 55.50 2715.0 2733.6 1.7 55.50 56.00 2733.6 2752.4 2.1 56.00 56.50 2752.4 2771.6 2.5 56.50 57.00 2771.6 2791.3 2.1 57.00 57.50 2791.3 2811.9 1.7 57.50 58.00 2811.9 2833.5 1.8 58.00 58.50 2833.5 2856.2 1.7 58.50 59.00 2856.2 2880.0 1.9 59.00 59.50 2880.0 2904.9 1.9 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