# Caribbean 500 Year Shipwreck Frequency and Tree Growth Suppression Data #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20105 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/caribbean/trouet2016supp.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Tree Ring # # Parameter_Keywords: #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2016-05-02 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Caribbean 500 Year Shipwreck Frequency and Tree Growth Suppression Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Trouet, V.; Harley, G.L.; Dominguez-Delmas, M. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Documentary time series of Spanish shipwrecks (1495-1825 CE) in the Caribbean, # plus Florida Keys tree growth suppression data (1707-2009 CE), interpreted as tropical cyclone proxies. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Valerie Trouet, Grant L. Harley, and Marta Dominguez-Delmas # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016-03-22 # Published_Title: Shipwreck rates reveal Caribbean tropical cyclone response to past radiative forcing # Journal_Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences # Volume: 113 # Edition: # Issue: 12 # Pages: 3169-3174 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1519566113 # Online_Resource: http://www.pnas.org/content/113/12/3169 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Assessing the impact of future climate change on North Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) activity is of crucial societal importance, but the limited quantity and quality of observational records interferes with the skill of future TC projections. In particular, North Atlantic TC response to radiative forcing is poorly understood and creates the dominant source of uncertainty for twenty-first-century projections. Here, we study TC variability in the Caribbean during the Maunder Minimum (MM; 1645-1715 CE), a period defined by the most severe reduction in solar irradiance in documented history (1610-present). For this purpose, we combine a documentary time series of Spanish shipwrecks in the Caribbean (1495-1825 CE) with a tree-growth suppression chronology from the Florida Keys (1707-2009 CE). We find a 75% reduction in decadal-scale Caribbean TC activity during the MM, which suggests modulation of the influence of reduced solar irradiance by the cumulative effect of cool North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, El Nino-like conditions, and a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our results emphasize the need to enhance our understanding of the response of these oceanic and atmospheric circulation patterns to radiative forcing and climate change to improve the skill of future TC projections. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 1002479, 0538420 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US Fish and Wildlife Service # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Big Pine Key # Location: North America>United States Of America>Florida # Country: United States Of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 24.714 # Southernmost_Latitude: 24.714 # Easternmost_Longitude: -81.385 # Westernmost_Longitude: -81.385 # Elevation: 2 m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Trouet2016supp # Earliest_Year: 1707 # Most_Recent_Year: 2010 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: m # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: Pinus elliottii var. densa # Common_Name: Slash Pine # Tree_Species_Code: PIEL #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age, , , Common Era, , , , ,N ## supptr% suppressed growth trees, , , %, , Tree Ring, raw ring width at least 25% below the 10-y running mean of all growth rings, ,N ## numsamp Number of Samples, , , , , , , ,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_CE supptr% numsamp 1707 0.00 1 1708 0.00 1 1709 0.00 1 1710 0.00 1 1711 100.00 1 1712 0.00 1 1713 0.00 1 1714 0.00 1 1715 100.00 1 1716 100.00 1 1717 100.00 1 1718 100.00 1 1719 100.00 1 1720 0.00 1 1721 0.00 2 1722 0.00 2 1723 0.00 2 1724 0.00 2 1725 50.00 2 1726 0.00 2 1727 0.00 2 1728 0.00 2 1729 0.00 2 1730 0.00 2 1731 0.00 2 1732 0.00 2 1733 100.00 2 1734 100.00 2 1735 0.00 2 1736 0.00 2 1737 0.00 2 1738 0.00 2 1739 0.00 2 1740 0.00 2 1741 0.00 2 1742 0.00 2 1743 0.00 2 1744 100.00 2 1745 100.00 2 1746 50.00 2 1747 0.00 3 1748 0.00 3 1749 0.00 3 1750 0.00 4 1751 0.00 4 1752 100.00 4 1753 50.00 4 1754 25.00 4 1755 0.00 4 1756 0.00 5 1757 0.00 5 1758 0.00 5 1759 0.00 5 1760 0.00 5 1761 0.00 5 1762 0.00 5 1763 0.00 6 1764 0.00 6 1765 0.00 6 1766 100.00 6 1767 28.57 7 1768 57.14 7 1769 0.00 7 1770 0.00 7 1771 14.29 7 1772 0.00 7 1773 0.00 7 1774 0.00 7 1775 0.00 7 1776 100.00 7 1777 71.43 7 1778 28.57 7 1779 0.00 8 1780 0.00 8 1781 62.50 8 1782 37.50 8 1783 12.50 8 1784 0.00 8 1785 50.00 8 1786 100.00 8 1787 37.50 8 1788 0.00 8 1789 11.11 9 1790 88.89 9 1791 0.00 9 1792 0.00 9 1793 0.00 9 1794 22.22 9 1795 55.56 9 1796 0.00 9 1797 0.00 9 1798 0.00 9 1799 80.00 10 1800 40.00 10 1801 50.00 10 1802 50.00 10 1803 0.00 10 1804 0.00 10 1805 60.00 10 1806 80.00 10 1807 0.00 10 1808 0.00 10 1809 0.00 10 1810 0.00 10 1811 45.45 11 1812 0.00 11 1813 0.00 11 1814 41.67 12 1815 0.00 13 1816 53.85 13 1817 92.31 13 1818 53.85 13 1819 38.46 13 1820 0.00 13 1821 84.62 13 1822 92.31 13 1823 76.92 13 1824 30.77 13 1825 41.67 12 1826 0.00 12 1827 0.00 12 1828 75.00 12 1829 0.00 12 1830 0.00 11 1831 54.55 11 1832 100.00 11 1833 45.45 11 1834 27.27 11 1835 0.00 11 1836 0.00 11 1837 0.00 11 1838 90.91 11 1839 0.00 12 1840 83.33 12 1841 41.67 12 1842 0.00 12 1843 25.00 12 1844 91.67 12 1845 83.33 12 1846 33.33 12 1847 0.00 12 1848 0.00 13 1849 23.08 13 1850 0.00 13 1851 15.38 13 1852 83.33 12 1853 91.67 12 1854 16.67 12 1855 0.00 12 1856 0.00 12 1857 8.33 12 1858 8.33 12 1859 16.67 12 1860 75.00 12 1861 58.33 12 1862 25.00 12 1863 0.00 12 1864 0.00 12 1865 75.00 12 1866 25.00 12 1867 15.38 13 1868 7.69 13 1869 0.00 13 1870 64.29 14 1871 28.57 14 1872 0.00 14 1873 0.00 15 1874 0.00 15 1875 80.00 15 1876 40.00 15 1877 26.67 15 1878 26.67 15 1879 0.00 15 1880 0.00 16 1881 0.00 16 1882 62.50 16 1883 87.50 16 1884 0.00 16 1885 0.00 16 1886 81.25 16 1887 61.11 18 1888 0.00 18 1889 0.00 19 1890 0.00 19 1891 5.26 19 1892 89.47 19 1893 31.58 19 1894 0.00 19 1895 26.32 19 1896 36.84 19 1897 0.00 19 1898 0.00 19 1899 47.37 19 1900 73.68 19 1901 26.32 19 1902 0.00 19 1903 0.00 19 1904 100.00 19 1905 5.56 18 1906 5.56 18 1907 27.78 18 1908 26.32 19 1909 52.63 19 1910 25.00 20 1911 0.00 18 1912 38.89 18 1913 0.00 18 1914 38.89 18 1915 5.56 18 1916 0.00 19 1917 5.26 19 1918 0.00 19 1919 80.95 21 1920 47.62 21 1921 27.27 22 1922 0.00 22 1923 0.00 22 1924 0.00 22 1925 0.00 22 1926 0.00 22 1927 0.00 22 1928 0.00 22 1929 52.17 23 1930 95.65 23 1931 60.87 23 1932 79.17 24 1933 13.04 23 1934 13.04 23 1935 45.83 24 1936 75.00 24 1937 29.17 24 1938 0.00 24 1939 0.00 24 1940 0.00 24 1941 91.67 24 1942 95.83 24 1943 40.00 25 1944 36.00 25 1945 8.00 25 1946 3.85 26 1947 65.38 26 1948 38.46 26 1949 65.38 26 1950 7.69 26 1951 7.69 26 1952 3.85 26 1953 3.70 27 1954 25.93 27 1955 7.41 27 1956 3.85 26 1957 26.92 26 1958 7.69 26 1959 3.85 26 1960 80.77 26 1961 53.85 26 1962 38.46 26 1963 34.62 26 1964 76.92 26 1965 26.92 26 1966 36.00 25 1967 36.00 25 1968 0.00 25 1969 0.00 26 1970 0.00 26 1971 11.54 26 1972 3.85 26 1973 0.00 26 1974 3.85 26 1975 7.69 26 1976 34.62 26 1977 3.85 26 1978 7.69 26 1979 3.85 26 1980 7.69 26 1981 34.62 26 1982 0.00 26 1983 0.00 26 1984 3.85 26 1985 0.00 26 1986 0.00 26 1987 38.46 26 1988 65.38 26 1989 65.38 26 1990 46.15 26 1991 53.85 26 1992 96.00 25 1993 56.00 25 1994 0.00 24 1995 8.33 24 1996 0.00 24 1997 0.00 24 1998 25.00 24 1999 50.00 24 2000 37.50 24 2001 50.00 24 2002 0.00 24 2003 0.00 24 2004 75.00 24 2005 75.00 24 2006 60.87 23 2007 91.30 23 2008 56.52 23 2009 75.00 12 2010 100.00 1