Byrd Ice Core CH4 Data for 67-87 KYrBP ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Byrd Ice Core CH4 Data for 67-87 KYrBP LAST UPDATE: 1/2010 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Jinho Ahn and Edward J. Brook IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2010-003 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Ahn, J. and E.J. Brook. 2010. Byrd Ice Core CH4 Data for 67-87 KYrBP. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2010-003. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Ahn, J. and E.J. Brook. 2008. Atmospheric CO2 and Climate on Millennial Time Scales During the Last Glacial Period. Science, 322, 83-85, doi: 10.1126/science.1160832. ABSTRACT: Reconstructions of ancient atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) variations help us better understand how the global carbon cycle and climate are linked. We compared CO2 variations on millennial time scales between 20,000 and 90,000 years ago with an Antarctic temperature proxy and records of abrupt climate change in the Northern Hemisphere. CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature were positively correlated over millennial-scale climate cycles, implying a strong connection to Southern Ocean processes. Evidence from marine sediment proxies indicates that CO2 concentration rose most rapidly when North Atlantic Deep Water shoaled and stratification in the Southern Ocean was reduced. These increases in CO2 concentration occurred during stadial (cold) periods in the Northern Hemisphere, several thousand years before abrupt warming events in Greenland. ADDITIONAL REFERENCES: Blunier, T., and Brook, E.J. 2001. Timing of millennial-scale climate change in Antarctica and Greenland during the last glacial period. Science, 291, 109-112. Dlugokencky, E.J., R.C. Myers, P.M. Lang, K.A. Masarie, A.M. Crotwell, K.W. Thoning, B.D. Hall, J.W. Elkins, and L.P. Steele. 2005. Conversion of NOAA atmospheric dry air CH mole fractions to a gravimetrically prepared standard scale. J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18, doi:10.1029/2005JD006035. Grachev, A.M., E.J. Brook, and J.P. Severinghaus. 2007. Abrupt changes in atmospheric methane at the MIS 5b–5a transition. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L20703, doi:10.1029/2007GL029799. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Antarctica PERIOD OF RECORD: 87 - 67 KYrBP FUNDING SOURCES: Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation, and US National Science Foundation grants OPP 0337891 and ATM 0602395. DESCRIPTION: Byrd ice core methane data for 67-87 KYrBP. CH4 concentration was measured for 36 ice samples to constrain the age of abrupt warming in Greenland and CO2. High precision wet-extraction method of Grachev et al. 2007 was used. One of the CH4 results from the depth of 2099.31-2099.42 m was rejected, due to poor quality of the ice, based on CO2 results from two ice pieces from the same depth that differed by 53.7 ppm. Byrd Ice Core location: 80.01°S , 119.51°W; 1530 m elev. DATA: 1. Byrd Ice Core CH4 Data for 67-87 KYrBP Column 1: Depth (m) Column 2: Blunier 2001 Age (ka before 1950 AD) Column 3: Ahn 2008 Age (ka before 1950 AD) Column 4: CH4 (ppbv) CH4 data ref. Ahn and Brook (2008) Age refs. Blunier-01age: Blunier and Brook (2001) Ahn-08age: Ahn and Brook (2008) Byrd Blunier01 Ahn-08 Byrd Depth Age GISP2 age CH4 (m) kyr BP kyr BP (ppbv) 2076.42 66.994 66.858 456.3 2076.89 67.116 66.980 472.4 2077.01 67.147 67.011 477.1 2080.60 68.084 67.942 499.5 2081.10 68.213 68.070 491.8 2081.25 68.251 68.108 475.8 2081.69 68.366 68.222 488.2 2082.60 68.598 68.450 502.6 2083.13 68.732 68.582 534.9 2083.53 68.834 68.682 456.7 2084.17 68.997 68.842 445.2 2084.75 69.142 68.984 462.3 2084.84 69.165 69.006 461.6 2097.42 72.387 72.117 475.1 2098.69 72.724 72.442 488.8 2100.01 73.064 72.773 517.5 2100.66 73.223 72.930 470.5 2101.26 73.367 73.077 424.3 2101.82 73.495 73.213 440.6 2101.95 73.527 73.247 425.0 2103.17 73.809 73.547 429.0 2103.60 73.909 73.653 434.5 2104.67 74.182 73.942 441.4 2126.20 80.659 80.732 582.3 2130.74 82.443 82.583 629.1 2132.02 83.214 83.373 694.2 2132.69 83.618 83.784 544.2 2132.77 83.666 83.833 540.8 2134.70 84.827 84.995 466.6 2135.30 85.182 85.350 449.5 2136.25 85.734 85.902 444.8 2136.93 86.125 86.293 453.3 2138.01 86.760 86.928 469.7 2138.30 86.927 87.095 532.7 2138.79 87.219 87.387 520.3 2. Byrd CH4 (all data including Blunier and Brook, 2001) CH4 data refs. BB:Blunier and Brook (2001), AB: Ahn and Brook (2008) Age refs. Blunier-01age: Blunier and Brook (2001) Ahn-08age: Ahn and Brook (2008) CH4 data from Blunier and Brook (2001) were converted to make them follow the new NOAA calibration by Dlugokencky et al. 2005. Column 1: Depth (m) Column 2: Blunier 2001 Age (ka before 1950 AD) Column 3: Ahn 2008 Age (ka before 1950 AD) Column 4: CH4 (ppbv) Column 5: Reference Byrd Blunier01 Ahn08 Byrd ref. Depth Age GISP2 age CH4 (m) kyr BP kyr BP (ppbv) 869.8 8.698 8.524 667 BB 879.8 8.823 8.649 653 BB 902.4 9.11 8.936 678 BB 910.1 9.239 9.065 671 BB 930.4 9.557 9.383 685 BB 951.4 9.865 9.691 686 BB 974.2 10.187 10.013 668 BB 989.5 10.431 10.257 688 BB 999.1 10.578 10.404 683 BB 999.6 10.586 10.412 690 BB 1005.7 10.668 10.494 678 BB 1024.7 10.974 10.800 691 BB 1039.7 11.18 11.006 685 BB 1050.9 11.33 11.156 689 BB 1069.4 11.674 11.500 628 BB 1079.6 11.846 11.672 469 BB 1090.5 12.019 11.845 470 BB 1097.9 12.118 11.944 478 BB 1111.1 12.478 12.304 430 BB 1117.9 12.656 12.482 463 BB 1130.7 12.948 12.774 680 BB 1136.4 13.126 12.952 637 BB 1140.5 13.255 13.081 594 BB 1150.1 13.522 13.348 666 BB 1151.1 13.55 13.376 693 BB 1160.3 13.781 13.607 668 BB 1175.4 14.171 13.997 638 BB 1181.3 14.308 14.134 620 BB 1187.6 14.484 14.310 621 BB 1192 14.598 14.424 618 BB 1195.7 14.729 14.555 552 BB 1199.3 14.886 14.712 464 BB 1200.2 14.924 14.750 469 BB 1201.1 14.959 14.785 473 BB 1205.7 15.091 14.917 494 BB 1216.3 15.425 15.251 463 BB 1231.8 15.94 15.766 451 BB 1239.6 16.177 16.003 448 BB 1247.8 16.415 16.241 443 BB 1252 16.593 16.419 440 BB 1254.1 16.686 16.512 420 BB 1260.8 16.969 16.795 439 BB 1265.9 17.147 16.973 415 BB 1284.5 18.06 17.886 380 BB 1287.8 18.174 18.000 385 BB 1292.8 18.419 18.245 380 BB 1298.2 18.677 18.503 371 BB 1302.9 18.911 18.737 377 BB 1307.2 19.104 18.930 374 BB 1314.1 19.388 19.214 392 BB 1319.6 19.608 19.434 362 BB 1320.1 19.627 19.453 372 BB 1325.3 19.796 19.622 361 BB 1328.9 19.893 19.719 374 BB 1336 20.24 20.066 368 BB 1339.1 20.363 20.189 353 BB 1347.1 20.602 20.428 352 BB 1348.4 20.642 20.468 391 BB 1350.9 20.71 20.536 383 BB 1356.9 20.849 20.675 354 BB 1359.1 20.917 20.743 378 BB 1365.5 21.15 20.976 347 BB 1370.6 21.354 21.180 377 BB 1380.8 21.722 21.548 355 BB 1387.8 21.912 21.738 349 BB 1396.2 22.181 22.007 351 BB 1399.9 22.318 22.144 350 BB 1408.2 22.646 22.472 372 BB 1414.4 22.892 22.718 386 BB 1422.5 23.772 23.598 390 BB 1425.9 24.243 24.069 369 BB 1436.2 25.47 25.296 381 BB 1438.7 25.834 25.660 370 BB 1440.9 25.983 25.809 377 BB 1452.1 26.377 26.203 355 BB 1455.9 26.54 26.366 350 BB 1461.9 26.778 26.604 359 BB 1467 26.965 26.791 368 BB 1481.5 27.668 27.494 365 BB 1484.5 27.784 27.610 374 BB 1485.2 27.808 27.634 374 BB 1486 27.833 27.659 353 BB 1488.9 27.928 27.754 391 BB 1491.8 28.018 27.844 386 BB 1496.4 28.131 27.957 442 BB 1498.9 28.213 28.039 394 BB 1501.1 28.305 28.131 377 BB 1502.2 28.347 28.173 372 BB 1503.5 28.394 28.220 360 BB 1508 28.535 28.361 364 BB 1511.4 28.627 28.453 384 BB 1512.3 28.655 28.481 379 BB 1514.8 28.737 28.563 388 BB 1515.7 28.767 28.593 401 BB 1517.8 28.85 28.676 419 BB 1521 28.988 28.814 473 BB 1521.6 29.021 28.847 467 BB 1523.5 29.15 28.976 484 BB 1524 29.188 29.014 472 BB 1527.9 29.341 29.167 387 BB 1532.2 29.496 29.323 378 BB 1533.5 29.557 29.385 364 BB 1534.5 29.6 29.428 376 BB 1536.4 29.67 29.498 390 BB 1539.9 29.82 29.649 385 BB 1545.9 30.13 29.961 379 BB 1557.9 30.624 30.458 368 BB 1564 30.855 30.690 385 BB 1568.3 31.002 30.838 373 BB 1573 31.195 31.032 369 BB 1579 31.561 31.400 403 BB 1582.7 31.784 31.623 409 BB 1585 31.896 31.736 434 BB 1588.8 32.089 31.930 457 BB 1591.3 32.206 32.047 498 BB 1594.4 32.343 32.185 510 BB 1597.1 32.449 32.292 394 BB 1599.5 32.518 32.361 413 BB 1604 32.765 32.609 392 BB 1609.9 33.183 33.029 409 BB 1611.4 33.262 33.108 461 BB 1614.2 33.406 33.253 472 BB 1620.1 33.68 33.528 379 BB 1624.4 33.868 33.717 417 BB 1629.2 34.082 33.932 401 BB 1632.2 34.24 34.091 422 BB 1636.5 34.431 34.283 422 BB 1639 34.54 34.393 454 BB 1648.5 34.992 34.847 504 BB 1651.5 35.145 35.001 511 BB 1652.4 35.187 35.043 500 BB 1656.6 35.339 35.196 404 BB 1665.8 35.687 35.546 420 BB 1670.1 35.869 35.729 448 BB 1676.1 36.158 36.019 413 BB 1682.1 36.481 36.344 439 BB 1686.7 36.73 36.594 526 BB 1691.1 36.98 36.845 512 BB 1696.4 37.364 37.230 555 BB 1698.9 37.575 37.442 552 BB 1714.1 38.424 38.294 566 BB 1716.1 38.502 38.373 521 BB 1717.2 38.545 38.415 438 BB 1718.1 38.587 38.455 423 BB 1719.7 38.666 38.531 443 BB 1723.2 38.849 38.707 438 BB 1724.7 38.923 38.778 438 BB 1725.6 38.967 38.820 430 BB 1726.3 39 38.852 424 BB 1726.9 39.027 38.878 420 BB 1727.7 39.06 38.909 427 BB 1728.5 39.086 38.934 428 BB 1730.7 39.16 39.003 423 BB 1731.7 39.192 39.033 427 BB 1733.2 39.258 39.097 427 BB 1735.1 39.352 39.187 420 BB 1735.8 39.379 39.213 413 BB 1736.7 39.409 39.241 425 BB 1737.6 39.439 39.269 416 BB 1738.9 39.482 39.310 439 BB 1739.7 39.507 39.333 427 BB 1740.9 39.555 39.379 418 BB 1742.1 39.607 39.428 427 BB 1743.2 39.648 39.467 459 BB 1745.3 39.727 39.542 394 BB 1746.8 39.78 39.592 400 BB 1747.7 39.811 39.621 387 BB 1748.6 39.844 39.653 404 BB 1749.7 39.879 39.686 412 BB 1751.7 39.944 39.747 392 BB 1752.7 39.973 39.774 393 BB 1753.6 39.997 39.796 412 BB 1754.9 40.032 39.829 383 BB 1759.4 40.145 39.933 439 BB 1763.7 40.273 40.052 404 BB 1765.4 40.347 40.123 406 BB 1769.7 40.527 40.295 402 BB 1772.8 40.626 40.388 438 BB 1774.5 40.683 40.442 478 BB 1777.7 40.838 40.590 486 BB 1780.6 41 40.747 423 BB 1787.9 41.412 41.145 379 BB 1789.4 41.516 41.246 399 BB 1795.2 41.965 41.683 446 BB 1797.2 42.073 41.788 447 BB 1798.3 42.123 41.835 477 BB 1801.4 42.286 41.992 494 BB 1804.3 42.442 42.143 488 BB 1810.2 42.747 42.436 399 BB 1813.5 42.969 42.652 418 BB 1820 43.491 43.161 435 BB 1822.5 43.7 43.366 427 BB 1826.8 43.959 43.616 457 BB 1828.5 44.037 43.691 421 BB 1831.6 44.182 43.830 476 BB 1835.8 44.36 44.000 472 BB 1837.6 44.442 44.078 447 BB 1841.8 44.639 44.267 489 BB 1843.6 44.723 44.348 474 BB 1847.8 44.914 44.530 517 BB 1850.8 45.006 44.617 515 BB 1855.6 45.255 44.856 516 BB 1858.1 45.429 45.026 512 BB 1861.6 45.661 45.251 518 BB 1864.5 45.848 45.433 442 BB 1867.5 46.048 45.628 425 BB 1870.8 46.267 45.842 425 BB 1873.8 46.467 46.037 422 BB 1880.8 46.917 46.476 440 BB 1884.1 47.134 46.688 419 BB 1891.8 47.659 47.201 420 BB 1894.8 47.865 47.402 558 BB 1898.9 48.125 47.655 435 BB 1903.7 48.449 47.972 442 BB 1905.9 48.601 48.120 442 BB 1909.8 48.878 48.391 476 BB 1911.3 48.985 48.496 475 BB 1914.3 49.19 48.696 447 BB 1917.2 49.389 48.891 451 BB 1920.3 49.599 49.096 511 BB 1923.4 49.814 49.306 507 BB 1926.4 50.02 49.507 484 BB 1929.4 50.23 49.712 486 BB 1933.5 50.51 49.986 516 BB 1935.4 50.64 50.113 525 BB 1938.5 50.857 50.325 513 BB 1939.9 50.959 50.425 513 BB 1943.1 51.176 50.637 510 BB 1946 51.395 50.851 548 BB 1948.8 51.594 51.046 548 BB 1951.8 51.793 51.240 533 BB 1953.2 51.896 51.341 553 BB 1956.3 52.189 51.629 552 BB 1959.2 52.502 51.937 540 BB 1962.2 52.814 52.261 436 BB 1963.6 52.961 52.421 416 BB 1968.1 53.425 52.927 440 BB 1970.4 53.672 53.195 497 BB 1972.7 53.93 53.474 557 BB 1974.2 54.106 53.664 448 BB 1978.7 54.573 54.173 437 BB 1981.6 54.858 54.485 483 BB 1984.8 55.197 54.854 477 BB 1987.7 55.509 55.192 544 BB 1989 55.646 55.342 515 BB 1992.1 55.981 55.705 540 BB 1995 56.316 56.067 539 BB 1998.2 56.672 56.453 594 BB 2001.5 57.026 56.837 493 BB 2003.2 57.219 57.046 495 BB 2005.2 57.396 57.242 464 BB 2006.1 57.472 57.326 469 BB 2007.7 57.613 57.482 580 BB 2007.8 57.617 57.487 624 BB 2010.3 57.84 57.733 599 BB 2013.2 58.095 58.015 455 BB 2014.8 58.23 58.165 551 BB 2017.7 58.466 58.420 451 BB 2019.2 58.624 58.575 402 BB 2022.4 59.122 59.069 402 BB 2023.8 59.333 59.277 414 BB 2026.9 59.806 59.746 426 BB 2028.5 60.043 59.980 409 BB 2031.5 60.526 60.459 420 BB 2035.4 61.104 61.031 438 BB 2037.7 61.454 61.377 453 BB 2042.4 62.181 62.097 428 BB 2045.3 62.626 62.538 446 BB 2048.3 63.076 62.983 430 BB 2051.4 63.526 63.428 464 BB 2053.5 63.829 63.728 462 BB 2055.9 64.152 64.048 413 BB 2059.5 64.593 64.483 445 BB 2061 64.795 64.683 537 BB 2063 65.06 64.945 481 BB 2064.1 65.203 65.086 451 BB 2066 65.451 65.331 451 BB 2069 65.854 65.730 464 BB 2072.7 66.34 66.210 459 BB 2075.6 66.78 66.646 440 BB 2076.42 66.994 66.858 456.3 AB 2076.89 67.116 66.980 472.4 AB 2077.01 67.147 67.011 477.1 AB 2080.1 67.954 67.813 497 BB 2080.60 68.084 67.942 499.5 AB 2081.10 68.213 68.070 491.8 AB 2081.25 68.251 68.108 475.8 AB 2081.6 68.343 68.200 482 BB 2081.69 68.366 68.222 488.2 AB 2082.60 68.598 68.450 502.6 AB 2083.13 68.732 68.582 534.9 AB 2083.53 68.834 68.682 456.7 AB 2084.17 68.997 68.842 445.2 AB 2084.5 69.081 68.924 434 BB 2084.75 69.142 68.984 462.3 AB 2084.84 69.165 69.006 461.6 AB 2087.5 69.825 69.642 440 BB 2091.5 70.793 70.575 434 BB 2093.5 71.337 71.101 448 BB 2094.8 71.698 71.451 469 BB 2096.3 72.1 71.839 481 BB 2097.42 72.387 72.117 475.1 AB 2097.9 72.512 72.237 494 BB 2098.69 72.724 72.442 488.8 AB 2099.4 72.914 72.626 503 BB 2100.01 73.064 72.773 517.5 AB 2100.66 73.223 72.930 470.5 AB 2101 73.306 73.012 437 BB 2101.26 73.367 73.077 424.3 AB 2101.82 73.495 73.213 440.6 AB 2101.95 73.527 73.247 425.0 AB 2103.17 73.809 73.547 429.0 AB 2103.60 73.909 73.653 434.5 AB 2104 74.002 73.752 424 BB 2104.67 74.182 73.942 441.4 AB 2105.5 74.404 74.176 453 BB 2106.9 74.834 74.626 473 BB 2108.4 75.288 75.102 458 BB 2110 75.765 75.602 535 BB 2113 76.652 76.533 471 BB 2114.5 77.108 77.011 497 BB 2116 77.562 77.487 509 BB 2117.5 78.02 77.967 515 BB 2119.1 78.486 78.456 541 BB 2122.2 79.431 79.447 574 BB 2125.6 80.442 80.507 555 BB 2126.20 80.659 80.732 582.3 AB 2130.2 82.116 82.248 629 BB 2130.74 82.443 82.583 629.1 AB 2132.02 83.214 83.373 694.2 AB 2132.5 83.503 83.669 670 BB 2132.69 83.618 83.784 544.2 AB 2132.77 83.666 83.833 540.8 AB 2134.4 84.652 84.820 465 BB 2134.70 84.827 84.995 466.6 AB 2135.30 85.182 85.350 449.5 AB 2135.9 85.532 85.700 446 BB 2136.25 85.734 85.902 444.8 AB 2136.93 86.125 86.293 453.3 AB 2137.5 86.456 86.624 451 BB 2138.01 86.760 86.928 469.7 AB 2138.30 86.927 87.095 532.7 AB 2138.79 87.219 87.387 520.3 AB 2139.9 87.879 88.047 497 BB