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ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: We present a magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr) record from an aragonitic speleothem(Grotte de Piste, Morocco, 34‬ºN; 04ºW) providing a reconstruction of effective rainfall from 619-1962 AD. The corresponding drip site was monitored over two years for drip water Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios. Results show evidence for prior aragonite precipitation, which can explain negative correlations between speleothem Mg and Sr concentrations. The data shown here have important climate implications concerning the evolution of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). A comparison of the stalagmite data from Grotte de Piste with an updated tree ring based drought reconstruction from Morocco and other NAO related proxy records confirms that the medieval warm period (MWP) was dominated by NAO+ conditions. The stalagmite record and multiple proxy records from the Iberian Peninsula, however, suggest that considerable rainfall variability occurred during the MWP. This implies that the NAO has been more variable during the MWP than formerly suggested.</gco:CharacterString>
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           <gmd:facsimile>
            <gco:CharacterString>1-828-271-4876</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:facsimile>
          </gmd:CI_Telephone>
         </gmd:phone>
         <gmd:address>
          <gmd:CI_Address>
           <gmd:deliveryPoint>
            <gco:CharacterString>151 Patton Avenue</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:deliveryPoint>
           <gmd:deliveryPoint>
            <gco:CharacterString>Veach-Baley Federal Building, Room 468</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:deliveryPoint>
           <gmd:city>
            <gco:CharacterString>Asheville</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:city>
           <gmd:administrativeArea>
            <gco:CharacterString>NC</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:administrativeArea>
           <gmd:postalCode>
            <gco:CharacterString>28801-5001</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:postalCode>
           <gmd:country>
            <gco:CharacterString>USA</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:country>
           <gmd:electronicMailAddress>
            <gco:CharacterString>ncei.orders@noaa.gov</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:electronicMailAddress>
          </gmd:CI_Address>
         </gmd:address>
         <gmd:onlineResource>
          <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
           <gmd:linkage>
            <gmd:URL>https://www.ncei.noaa.gov</gmd:URL>
           </gmd:linkage>
           <gmd:protocol>
            <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:protocol>
           <gmd:applicationProfile>
            <gco:CharacterString>Web Browser</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:applicationProfile>
           <gmd:name>
            <gco:CharacterString>NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:name>
           <gmd:description>
            <gco:CharacterString>NCEI home page with information, data access and contact information.</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:description>
           <gmd:function>
            <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
           </gmd:function>
          </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
         </gmd:onlineResource>
         <gmd:hoursOfService>
          <gco:CharacterString>8:00 - 6:00 Eastern</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:hoursOfService>
        </gmd:CI_Contact>
       </gmd:contactInfo>
       <gmd:role>
        <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="distributor">distributor</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
       </gmd:role>
      </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
     </gmd:distributorContact>
     <gmd:distributionOrderProcess>
      <gmd:MD_StandardOrderProcess>
       <gmd:fees>
        <gco:CharacterString>In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free, however fees may apply for data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.</gco:CharacterString>
       </gmd:fees>
      </gmd:MD_StandardOrderProcess>
     </gmd:distributionOrderProcess>
     <gmd:distributorFormat>
      <gmd:MD_Format>
       <gmd:name>
        <gco:CharacterString>Native Format(s)</gco:CharacterString>
       </gmd:name>
       <gmd:version gco:nilReason="missing"></gmd:version>
      </gmd:MD_Format>
     </gmd:distributorFormat>
     <gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
      <gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
       <gmd:onLine>
        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
         <gmd:linkage>
          <gmd:URL>https://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=noaa-cave-15894</gmd:URL>
         </gmd:linkage>
         <gmd:protocol>
          <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:protocol>
         <gmd:applicationProfile>
          <gco:CharacterString>Landing Page</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:applicationProfile>
         <gmd:name>
          <gco:CharacterString>NCEI landing page for this dataset</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:name>
         <gmd:description>
          <gco:CharacterString>Dataset landing page with general information and links to access the data.</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:description>
         <gmd:function>
          <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
         </gmd:function>
        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
       </gmd:onLine>
       <gmd:onLine>
        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
         <gmd:linkage>
          <gmd:URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/15894</gmd:URL>
         </gmd:linkage>
         <gmd:protocol>
          <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:protocol>
         <gmd:applicationProfile>
          <gco:CharacterString>Web Browser</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:applicationProfile>
         <gmd:name>
          <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Study Page</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:name>
         <gmd:description>
          <gco:CharacterString>Study page with dataset access information.</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:description>
         <gmd:function>
          <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="search">search</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
         </gmd:function>
        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
       </gmd:onLine>
       <gmd:onLine>
        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
         <gmd:linkage>
          <gmd:URL>https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem</gmd:URL>
         </gmd:linkage>
         <gmd:protocol>
          <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:protocol>
         <gmd:applicationProfile>
          <gco:CharacterString>Information</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:applicationProfile>
         <gmd:name>
          <gco:CharacterString>NCEI Cave Page</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:name>
         <gmd:description>
          <gco:CharacterString>General information for this data type.</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:description>
         <gmd:function>
          <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="information">information</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
         </gmd:function>
        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
       </gmd:onLine>
       <gmd:onLine>
        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
         <gmd:linkage>
          <gmd:URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013-mg-sr.txt</gmd:URL>
         </gmd:linkage>
         <gmd:protocol>
          <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:protocol>
         <gmd:applicationProfile>
          <gco:CharacterString>Download</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:applicationProfile>
         <gmd:name>
          <gco:CharacterString>/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013-mg-sr.txt</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:name>
         <gmd:description>
          <gco:CharacterString>Speleothem</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:description>
         <gmd:function>
          <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
         </gmd:function>
        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
       </gmd:onLine>
       <gmd:onLine>
        <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
         <gmd:linkage>
          <gmd:URL>https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013pdsi.txt</gmd:URL>
         </gmd:linkage>
         <gmd:protocol>
          <gco:CharacterString>HTTPS</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:protocol>
         <gmd:applicationProfile>
          <gco:CharacterString>Download</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:applicationProfile>
         <gmd:name>
          <gco:CharacterString>/speleothem/africa/wassenburg2013pdsi.txt</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:name>
         <gmd:description>
          <gco:CharacterString>Speleothem</gco:CharacterString>
         </gmd:description>
         <gmd:function>
          <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="download">download</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
         </gmd:function>
        </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
       </gmd:onLine>
      </gmd:MD_DigitalTransferOptions>
     </gmd:distributorTransferOptions>
    </gmd:MD_Distributor>
   </gmd:distributor>
  </gmd:MD_Distribution>
 </gmd:distributionInfo>
 <gmd:metadataMaintenance>
  <gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
   <gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
    <gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode codeList="https://data.noaa.gov/resources/iso19139/schema/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode" codeListValue="asNeeded">asNeeded</gmd:MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode>
   </gmd:maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency>
   <gmd:maintenanceNote>
    <gco:CharacterString>This metadata record was translated from DIF using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2018-10-25</gco:CharacterString>
   </gmd:maintenanceNote>
  </gmd:MD_MaintenanceInformation>
 </gmd:metadataMaintenance>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>