noaa-icecore-12887 eng; USA utf8 dataset Bauer, Bruce DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce +1 303-497-6280 +1 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/CC23 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2018-12-11 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 4000 Year Ar-N Isotope Temperature Reconstruction 2012-03-30 publication noaa-icecore-12887 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Kobashi, T. originator Kobashi, T. author Kawamura, K. originator Kawamura, K. author Severinghaus, J. originator Severinghaus, J. author Barnola, J.M. originator Barnola, J.M. author Nakaegawa, T. originator Nakaegawa, T. author Vinther, B.M. originator Vinther, B.M. author Johnsen, S.J. originator Johnsen, S.J. author Box, J.E. originator Box, J.E. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Ice Core. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions|ice cores with a geographic location of Greenland. The time period coverage is from 3950 to -43 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, atmospheric trace gases, and other aspects of climate and environment derived from ice cores drilled on glaciers and ice caps around the world. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations. completed Bauer, Bruce DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce +1 303-497-6280 +1 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/CC23 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/c/images/pc-default-icecore.png Paleoclimatology - Ice Core PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ice Core Records Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ice Core Records theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|ice cores earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > nitrogen isotopes earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > reconstruction theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Air Temperature Reconstruction Arctic temperature theme Continent > North America > Greenland> GISP2 > LATITUDE 72.6 > LONGITUDE -38.5 place otherRestrictions Cite as: Kobashi, T.; Kawamura, K.; Severinghaus, J.; Barnola, J.M.; Nakaegawa, T.; Vinther, B.M.; Johnsen, S.J.; Box, J.E. (2012-03-30): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 4000 Year Ar-N Isotope Temperature Reconstruction . [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12887. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: -2000 AD to 1993 AD; Date Range: 3950 cal yr BP to -43 cal yr BP; -38.5 -38.5 72.6 72.6 Study Coordinates 72.6 -38.5 -2000 1993 STUDY NOTES: Greenland summit surface snow temperature for the past 4000 years reconstructed by a new method that utilises argon and nitrogen isotopic ratios from occluded air bubbles. Simultaneous, high-precision analyses of d15N and d40Ar in trapped air from the GISP2 ice core (Kobashi et al. 2008a) was used for this study. The method for the temperature reconstruction relies on the fact that gases in firn (unconsolidated snow) layers fractionate according to the depth and temperature gradient (DT) at the top and bottom of the layer (Severinghaus et al., 1998). Information about past depths and DTs at the time of air bubble trapping in the ice sheet can be retrieved by measuring d15N and d40Ar in the occluded air in ice cores. Then, the surface temperature history can be reconstructed by integrating the DTs over time (Kobashi et al., 2008b, 2010) with a firn densification/heat diffusion model (Goujon et al., 2003). ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Greenland recently incurred record high temperatures and ice loss by melting, adding to concerns that anthropogenic warming is impacting the Greenland ice sheet and in turn accelerating global sea-level rise. Yet, it remains imprecisely known for Greenland how much warming is caused by increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases versus natural variability. To address this need, we reconstruct Greenland surface snow temperature variability over the past 4000 years at the GISP2 site (near the Summit of the Greenland ice sheet; hereafter referred to as Greenland temperature) with a new method that utilises argon and nitrogen isotopic ratios from occluded air bubbles. The estimated average Greenland snow temperature over the past 4000 years was -30.7°C with a standard deviation of 1.0°C and exhibited a long-term decrease of roughly 1.5°C, which is consistent with earlier studies. The current decadal average surface temperature (2001–2010) at the GISP2 site is -29.9°C. The record indicates that warmer temperatures were the norm in the earlier part of the past 4000 years, including century-long intervals nearly 1°C warmer than the present decade (2001-2010). Therefore, we conclude that the current decadal mean temperature in Greenland has not exceeded the envelope of natural variability over the past 4000 years, a period that seems to include part of the Holocene Thermal Maximum. Notwithstanding this conclusion, climate models project that if anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions continue, the Greenland temperature would exceed the natural variability of the past 4000 years sometime before the year 2100. DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Engagement Branch 1-828-271-4800 1-828-271-4876 151 Patton Avenue Veach-Baley Federal Building, Room 468 Asheville NC 28801-5001 USA ncei.orders@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov HTTPS Web Browser NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) NCEI home page with information, data access and contact information. information 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free, however fees may apply for data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Native Format(s) https://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=noaa-icecore-12887 HTTPS Landing Page NCEI landing page for this dataset Dataset landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12887 HTTPS Web Browser NCEI Study Page Study page with dataset access information. search https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/ice-core HTTPS Information NCEI Ice Core Page General information for this data type. information https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gisp2-temperature2011.xls HTTP Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gisp2-temperature2011.txt HTTP Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This metadata record was translated from DIF using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2018-10-25