noaa-recon-16459 eng; USA utf8 dataset Bauer, Bruce DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce +1 303-497-6280 +1 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/CC23 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact 2019-05-29 ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data ISO 19115-2:2009(E) NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Oscillation Index 275 Year Reconstruction 1994-07-01 publication noaa-recon-16459 NCEI DSI 1200_01 Stahle, D.W. originator Stahle, D.W. author Cleaveland, M.K. originator Cleaveland, M.K. author NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information publisher tableDigital This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Climate Reconstruction. The data include parameters of climate reconstructions|tree ring with a geographic location of Global. The time period coverage is from 251 to -21 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data. Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables derived from paleoclimate proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations. completed Bauer, Bruce DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce +1 303-497-6280 +1 303-497-6513 325 Broadway, E/CC23 Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA paleo@noaa.gov pointOfContact https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/c/images/pc-default-recon.png Paleoclimatology - Climate Reconstruction PNG Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|tree ring earth science > paleoclimate > climate reconstructions|tree ring earth science > paleoclimate > reconstructions > atmospheric circulation theme Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords 2018 revision Version 8.6 Global Change Data Center, Science and Exploration Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) https://earthdata.nasa.gov/about/gcmd/global-change-master-directory-gcmd-keywords HTTPS Web Browser Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords. information publisher Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation Patterns Reconstruction ENSO theme Geographic Region > Global> Global > LATITUDE > LONGITUDE place otherRestrictions Cite as: Stahle, D.W.; Cleaveland, M.K. (1994-07-01): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Oscillation Index 275 Year Reconstruction. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16459. Accessed [date]. otherRestrictions Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives. otherRestrictions Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose. otherRestrictions None otherRestrictions Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site. Southern Oscillation Extremes Reconstructed from Tree Rings of the Sierra Madre Occidental and Southern Great Plains 1993 publication David W. Stahle and Malcolm K. Cleaveland author Journal of Climate publisher https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0129:SOERFT>2.0.CO;2 HTTPS Web Browser Associated Reference published 1993 David W. Stahle and Malcolm K. Cleaveland, 1993: Southern Oscillation Extremes Reconstructed from Tree Rings of the Sierra Madre Occidental and Southern Great Plains. Journal of Climate, 66, 129-140, 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0129:SOERFT>2.0.CO;2 information crossReference sciencePaper eng; USA geoscientificInformation Date Range: 1699 AD to 1971 AD; Date Range: 251 cal yr BP to -21 cal yr BP; -180 180 -90 90 1699 1971 STUDY NOTES: Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) 275 year reconstruction based on tree ring data. The reconstruction is calibrated with and reconstructs the SOI formulated by P.D. Jones at the Climatic Research Unit, Univ. of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is correlated with climate and tree growth over northern Mexico and the southern Great Plains of the USA. Warm events favor moist-cool conditions from October through March (event years 0 and +1), and subsequent tree growth (year +1) in the region tends to be above average. The opposite climate and tree growth conditions prevail with less consistency during cold events. ENSO-sensitive tree-ring chronologies from this region were selected to develop two reconstructions of the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) back to 1699. For the first reconstruction, a multiple regression-based calibration equation between prewhitened and regionally averaged tree-ring data from Mexico and Oklahoma and a prewhitened winter (DJF) SO index during the period 1900-71 were used to estimate the winter SOI for each year from 1699 to 1971. The tree-ring predictors account for 41% of the winter SOI variance from 1900 to 1971, and the reconstructed SO indices are significantly correlated with independent winter SO indices available from 1866 to 1899. Because correlation analyses indicate that SO extremes have a much stronger influence on climate and tree growth over Mexico and the southern United States than near-normal SO indices, a second reconstruction of just winter SOI extremes was also developed. Discriminant function analysis based on the growth anomalies at eight individual tree-ring sites located in Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma was used to classify 56 years from 1699 to 1965 into two opposite winter SOI "extremes" (i.e., >=0.5 or <= -0.5). Using a high posterior probability of membership in either extreme category (P >= 0.65), and ignoring classifications of near normal winter SO indices, the discriminant functions identified 27 years as winter SOI extremes during the calibration period from 1866 to 1965 (56 extremes actually occurred; reliability = 48%). However, 5 of the 27 classified extremes were actually near-normal indices (post agreement = 81% ). With a reasonably stationary relationship between Mexico/Southem Plains climate and winter SOI, validation tests indicate that the reliability of the classification-based reconstruction is about 50%, with a post agreement of at least 70%. Thew calibration and validation results suggest that the 56 extremes classified from 1699 to 1965 represent about half of the true number of extremes during this 267-year period, and that each reconstructed extreme has up to a 70% chance of representing a true winter SOI extreme. The most accurate estimates of past winter SOI extremes may be achieved in those years when the regression and classification methods of reconstruction agree, but comparisons with the instrumental data indicate that evidence for a past extreme cannot be disregarded when based on only one method. Both reconstructions indicate an increase in the frequency of winter SOI extremes after ca. 1850. Because the regression and classification errors are randomly distributed through time, these and other reconstructed changes in event frequency may reflect real changes in the extratropical influence of the SO over Mexico and the southern United States, if not in the SO itself. DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Engagement Branch 1-828-271-4800 1-828-271-4876 151 Patton Avenue Veach-Baley Federal Building, Room 468 Asheville NC 28801-5001 USA ncei.orders@noaa.gov https://www.ncei.noaa.gov HTTPS Web Browser NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) NCEI home page with information, data access and contact information. information 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern distributor In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free, however fees may apply for data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media. Native Format(s) https://data.nodc.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/iso?id=noaa-recon-16459 HTTPS Landing Page NCEI landing page for this dataset Dataset landing page with general information and links to access the data. information https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/16459 HTTPS Web Browser NCEI Study Page Study page with dataset access information. search https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/climate-reconstruction HTTPS Information NCEI Climate Reconstruction Page General information for this data type. information https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/southusa/soi.recon HTTP Download NCEI Direct Download Direct download links for dataset files. download asNeeded This metadata record was translated from DIF using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2018-10-25