{"NOAAStudyId":"10442","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2010-07-09","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-10442.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":98250,"earliestYearCE":-96300,"entryId":"noaa-cave-10442","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"ATM-0710707, 0408178, 0317654"}],"investigators":"Lachniet, M.S.; Johnson, L.; Asmerom, Y.; Burns, S.J.; Polyak, V.J.; Patterson, W.P.; Burt, L.; Azouz, A.","mostRecentYearBP":6560,"mostRecentYearCE":-4610,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10442","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"We present a high-resolution terrestrial archive of Central American \nrainfall over the period 100-24 and 8.1-6.5 ka, based on d18O time \nseries from U-series dated stalagmites collected from a cave on the \nPacific Coast of Costa Rica. Our results indicate substantial d18O \nvariability on millennial to orbital time scales that is interpreted \nto reflect rainfall variations over the cave site. Correlations with \nother paleoclimate proxy records suggest that the rainfall variations \nare forced by sea surface temperatures (SST) in the Atlantic and Pacific \nOceans in a fashion analogous to the modern climate cycle. Higher \nrainfall is associated with periods of a warm tropical North Atlantic \nOcean and large SST gradients between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. \nRainfall variability is likely linked to the intensity and/or latitudinal \nposition of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Periods of higher \nrainfall in Costa Rica are also associated with an enhanced sea surface \nsalinity gradient on either side of the isthmus, suggesting greater \nfreshwater export from the Atlantic Basin when the ITCZ is stronger \nand/or in a more northerly position. Further, wet periods in Central \nAmerica coincide with high deuterium excess values in Greenland ice, \nsuggesting a direct link between low latitude SSTs, tropical rainfall, \nand moisture delivery to Greenland. Our results indicate that a stronger \ntropical hydrological cycle during warm periods and large inter-ocean SST\ngradients enhanced the delivery of low latitude moisture to Greenland. \n","author":null,"citation":"Lachniet, M.S., L. Johnson, Y. Asmerom, S.J. Burns, V. Polyak, \nW.P. Patterson, L. Burt, and A. Azouz. 2009. \nLate Quaternary moisture export across Central America and to Greenland: \nevidence for tropical rainfall variability from Costa Rican stalagmites. \nQuaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 28, pp. 3348-3360. \ndoi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.018 \n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.018 ","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.018 "},"issue":null,"journal":"Quaternary Science Reviews","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2009,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Late Quaternary moisture export across Central America and to Greenland:  evidence for tropical rainfall variability from Costa Rican stalagmites","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37080","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["10.1667","-85.3333"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-85.3333","maxElevationMeters":"370","minElevationMeters":"370","northernmostLatitude":"10.1667","southernmostLatitude":"10.1667","westernmostLongitude":"-85.3333"}},"locationName":"Continent>North America>Central America>Costa Rica","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19240","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/costa-rica/terciopelo2009.txt","linkText":"terciopelo2009.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"present defined as 2008 CE","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Spliced record from three cores with 100-year interpolation","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/costa-rica/terciopelo2009.xls","linkText":"terciopelo2009.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"CT-7","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":7986,"earliestYearBP":7986,"earliestYearCE":-6036,"mostRecentYear":6560,"mostRecentYearBP":6560,"mostRecentYearCE":-4610,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"19241","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/costa-rica/terciopelo2009.txt","linkText":"terciopelo2009.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":"present defined as 2008 CE","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"Spliced record from three cores with 100-year interpolation","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"composited","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/northamerica/costa-rica/terciopelo2009.xls","linkText":"terciopelo2009.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"CT-1","dataTableNotes":"Composite for Cores CT-1, CT-5, CT-6","earliestYear":98250,"earliestYearBP":98250,"earliestYearCE":-96300,"mostRecentYear":24050,"mostRecentYearBP":24050,"mostRecentYearCE":-22100,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Terciopelo Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Terciopelo Cave, Costa Rica Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data ","studyNotes":"Stalagmite stable oxygen isotope values from Barra Honda National Park, \nCosta Rica, over 98 to 24 ka and 8.0 to 6.6 ka. In this tropical location, \nrainfall d18O values are inversely correlated with rainfall amount at and \nupwind of the sampling location, so the stalagmite d18O data are interpreted \nas a paleorainfall proxy record. \n\nWe analyzed 1684 d18O subsamples at the Universities of Massachusetts \nand Saskatchewan, and at the Las Vegas Isotope Science Laboratory at \nthe University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Stalagmites CT-5, CT-6, and CT-7 \nwere subsampled for stable isotopes at a 1.0 mm interval, whereas CT-1 \nwas subsampled every 0.5 mm. Samples were analyzed on ThermoElectron \nDelta + or Delta V mass spectrometers in Kiel III and IV automated \ncarbonate preparation devices, where samples were reacted with \nphosphoric acid at 70°C to liberate CO2 gas. Values are reported \nas ‰ relative to the VPDB standard via regular calibration to an \ninternal laboratory standard. Precision is better than 0.06‰ for d18O. \nA composite time series was created from stalagmites CT-1, -5, and -6 \nby splicing together the three records. The time series was then \ninterpolated at a 100 year interval. The d18O data in this file for \nthe spliced CT-1, CT-5, and CT-6 stalagmites are raw values, \nnot corrected for change in d18O of ocean. Ages are in yr BP, \nwhere BP is time of U-series analysis of A.D. 2008.\n\nThe stalagmites were recovered from Barra Honda National Park, \non the Nicoya Peninsula, Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9106"}