{"NOAAStudyId":"10669","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-03-30","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-10669.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":73216,"earliestYearCE":-71266,"entryId":"noaa-cave-10669","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation","fundingGrant":null}],"investigators":"Whittaker, T.E.; Hendy, C.H.; Hellstrom, J.C.","mostRecentYearBP":11374,"mostRecentYearCE":-9424,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/10669","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"The strength of mid-southern latitude westerly atmospheric \ncirculation plays an important role in global climate. \nDue to a lack of long, continuous, high-resolution paleoclimate \narchives from mid-southern latitudes, it remains unclear what \nfactors control changes in its intensity and how past changes \naffected the climates of landmasses in their path. Here we show \ngrowth rate and stable isotope (d18O, d13C) profiles from a \nSouth Island, New Zealand, stalagmite (HW3) that permit \ncentennial-scale investigation of Southern Hemisphere westerly \npaleointensity between 73 and 11 ka. Correlation between HW3 \ngrowth rate and isotope profiles suggests sensitivity to changes \nin annual precipitation, a factor controlled by westerly intensity. \nLow growth rates and relatively enriched isotope ratios define \nlong-term trends in HW3, supporting existing evidence that weaker \nwesterlies predominated during the last glacial period. Abrupt \nmillennial-scale events occur frequently, such that the HW3 \nrecord resembles Greenland ice core stable isotope profiles. \nFurthermore, nearly synchronous timing of nine prominent wet \nand cool intervals with Heinrich events supports studies \nshowing that increased westerly intensity is closely linked \nto North Atlantic cooling. As well as Heinrich events, the HW3 \nprofiles also show an Antarctic Cold Reversal-like event during \ndeglaciation, advocating for a bipolar seesaw of global climate \nat that time. \n","author":null,"citation":"Whittaker, T.E., C.H. Hendy, and J.C. Hellstrom. 2011. \nAbrupt millennial-scale changes in intensity of Southern \nHemisphere westerly winds during marine isotope stages 2-4.\nGeology, May 2011, v. 39, no. 5, pp. 455-458. doi:10.1130/G31827.1 \nData Repository item 2011148. ","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1130/G31827.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G31827.1"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Abrupt millennial-scale changes in intensity of Southern  Hemisphere westerly winds during marine isotope stages 2-4","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["westerlies"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"37260","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-41.95","171.4667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"171.4667","maxElevationMeters":"130","minElevationMeters":"130","northernmostLatitude":"-41.95","southernmostLatitude":"-41.95","westernmostLongitude":"171.4667"}},"locationName":"Continent>Australia/New Zealand>New Zealand","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"19387","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/pacific/hollywood2011.txt","linkText":"hollywood2011.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"millimeter","cvWhat":"depth variable>depth"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"present defined as 2000 CE","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"smoothed using 5 point running mean","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 13C"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":"smoothed using 5 point running mean","cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"smoothed","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes","earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>carbon isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/pacific/hollywood2011.xls","linkText":"hollywood2011.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"HW3","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":73216,"earliestYearBP":73216,"earliestYearCE":-71266,"mostRecentYear":11374,"mostRecentYearBP":11374,"mostRecentYearCE":-9424,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Hollywood Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Hollywood Cave, New Zealand MIS 2-4 Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data ","studyNotes":"Stalagmite stable isotope (d13C and d18O) data from speleothem \nHW3 taken from Hollywood Cave, South Island, New Zealand, \ncovering 73 to 11 KYrBP at near centennial resolution. \nU-Th dating information also provided.  \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"9253"}