{"NOAAStudyId":"12279","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2011-11-25","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-12279.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":118315,"earliestYearCE":-116365,"entryId":"noaa-cave-12279","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Austrian Science Fund FWF","fundingGrant":"P19788-N10"}],"investigators":"Boch, R.; Cheng, H.; Spötl, C.; Edwards, R.L.; Wang, X.; Häuselmann, P.","mostRecentYearBP":63719,"mostRecentYearCE":-61769,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/12279","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Accurate and precise chronologies are essential in understanding \r\nthe rapid and recurrent climate variations of the Last Glacial - \r\nknown as Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events - found in the Greenland \r\nice cores and other climate archives. The existing chronological \r\nuncertainties during the Last Glacial, however, are still large. \r\nRadiometric age data and stable isotopic signals from speleothems \r\nare promising to improve the absolute chronology. We present \r\na record of several precisely dated stalagmites from caves located \r\nat the northern rim of the Alps (NALPS), a region that favours \r\ncomparison with the climate in Greenland. The record covers most \r\nof the interval from 120 to 60 ka at an average temporal resolution \r\nof 2 to 22 yr and 2sigma-age uncertainties of ca. 200 to 500 yr. \r\nThe rapid and large oxygen isotope shifts of 1 to 4.5‰ occurred \r\nwithin decades to centuries and strongly mimic the Greenland D-O \r\npattern. Compared to the updated Greenland ice-core timescale \r\n(GICC05modelext) the NALPS record confirms the timing of rapid \r\nwarming and cooling transitions between 118 and 106 ka, \r\nbut suggests younger ages for D-O events between 106 and 60 ka. \r\nAs an exception, the timing of the rapid transitions into \r\nand out of the stadial following GI 22 is earlier in NALPS \r\nthan in the Greenland ice-core timescale. In addition, there is \r\na discrepancy in the duration of this stadial between the icecore\r\nand the stalagmite chronology (ca. 2900 vs. 3650 yr). \r\nThe short-lived D-O events 18 and 18.1 are not recorded in NALPS, \r\nprovoking questions with regard to the nature and the regional \r\nexpression of these events. NALPS resolves recurrent short-lived \r\nclimate changes within the cold Greenland stadial and warm \r\ninterstadial successions, i.e. abrupt warming events preceding \r\nGI 21 and 23 (precursor-type events) and at the end of GI 21 \r\nand 25 (rebound-type events), as well as intermittent cooling \r\nevents during GI 22 and 24.  Such superimposed events have not \r\nyet been documented outside Greenland. \r\n","author":null,"citation":"Boch, R., H. Cheng, C. Spötl, R.L. Edwards, X. Wang, \r\nand Ph. Häuselmann. 2011. \r\nNALPS: a precisely dated European climate record 120-60 ka. \r\nClimate of the Past, Vol. 7, pp. 1247-1259. \r\nwww.clim-past.net/7/1247/2011/ \r\ndoi: 10.5194/cp-7-1247-2011 \r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.5194/cp-7-1247-2011","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1247-2011"},"issue":null,"journal":"Climate of the Past","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"NALPS: a precisely dated European climate record 120-60 ka","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"52466","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["46.6333","7.8167"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"7.8167","maxElevationMeters":"875","minElevationMeters":"875","northernmostLatitude":"46.6333","southernmostLatitude":"46.6333","westernmostLongitude":"7.8167"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Western Europe>Switzerland","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20626","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.txt","linkText":"nalps2011.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.xls","linkText":"nalps2011.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"EXC3","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":110038,"earliestYearBP":110038,"earliestYearCE":-108088,"mostRecentYear":100839,"mostRecentYearBP":100839,"mostRecentYearCE":-98889,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Beatus Cave"},{"NOAASiteId":"52467","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["47.4","9.7"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"9.7","maxElevationMeters":"780","minElevationMeters":"780","northernmostLatitude":"47.4","southernmostLatitude":"47.4","westernmostLongitude":"9.7"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Western Europe>Austria","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20625","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.txt","linkText":"nalps2011.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.xls","linkText":"nalps2011.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"BA2","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":89723,"earliestYearBP":89723,"earliestYearCE":-87773,"mostRecentYear":88610,"mostRecentYearBP":88610,"mostRecentYearCE":-86660,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Baschg Cave"},{"NOAASiteId":"52468","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["47.4333","9.8667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"9.8667","maxElevationMeters":"1964","minElevationMeters":"1964","northernmostLatitude":"47.4333","southernmostLatitude":"47.4333","westernmostLongitude":"9.8667"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Western Europe>Austria","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20623","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.txt","linkText":"nalps2011.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.xls","linkText":"nalps2011.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"KC1","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":72014,"earliestYearBP":72014,"earliestYearCE":-70064,"mostRecentYear":63719,"mostRecentYearBP":63719,"mostRecentYearCE":-61769,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Klaus-Cramer Cave"},{"NOAASiteId":"52469","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["47.4333","9.8667"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"9.8667","maxElevationMeters":"1270","minElevationMeters":"1270","northernmostLatitude":"47.4333","southernmostLatitude":"47.4333","westernmostLongitude":"9.8667"}},"locationName":"Continent>Europe>Western Europe>Austria","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"20627","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.txt","linkText":"nalps2011.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar year before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]},{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/europe/nalps2011.xls","linkText":"nalps2011.xls","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[]}],"dataTableName":"SCH7","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":118315,"earliestYearBP":118315,"earliestYearCE":-116365,"mostRecentYear":111589,"mostRecentYearBP":111589,"mostRecentYearCE":-109639,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Schneckenloch Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Northern Alps 120-60 KYrBP Speleothem d18O Data","studyNotes":"A climate record consisting of several precisely dated stalagmites \nfrom four carefully selected cave sites located at the northern rim \nof the European Alps (NALPS) is presented. The region is exposed to \na strong Atlantic influence via northwesterly winds favouring a \ncomparison with climate in Greenland. The NALPS stable Oxygen isotope \ncurves consist of 8200 individual analyses (average temporal resolution \nof 2 to 22 yr) and show rapid and large isotope shifts (recurrent \nDansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events and sub-D-O events) of up to 4.5 ‰, \nunderscoring the high sensitivity of the cave sites. The record from \nseven stalagmites covers most of the interval from 120 to 60 ka \nand is temporally constrained by 154 U-Th ages (20-30 per stalagmite) \nwith typical 2sigma-age uncertainties of 200 to 500 yr. \n","version":"1.0","xmlId":"10341"}