{"NOAAStudyId":"13540","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2012-11-16","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-13540.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":10200,"earliestYearCE":-8250,"entryId":"noaa-cave-13540","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil","fundingGrant":null},{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"0502535, 1103403"}],"investigators":"Stríkis, N.M.; Cruz, F.W.; Cheng, H.; Karmann, I.; Edwards, R.L.; Vuille, M.; Wang, X.; de Paula, M.S.; Novello, V.F.; Auler, A.S.","mostRecentYearBP":1290,"mostRecentYearCE":660,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13540","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Well-dated high-resolution oxygen isotope records of speleothems in central-eastern Brazil spanning from 1.3 to 10.2 kyr B.P. reveal that the occurrence of abrupt variations in monsoon precipitation is not random. They show a striking match with Bond events and a significant pacing at ~800 yr, a dominant periodicity present in sea surface temperature records from both the North Atlantic and equatorial Pacific Oceans that is possibly related to periods of low solar activity (high 14C based on the atmospheric 14C record). The precipitation variations over central-eastern Brazil are broadly antiphased with the Asian and Indian Monsoons during Bond events and show marked differences in duration and structure between the early and late Holocene. Our results suggest that these abrupt multicentennial precipitation events are primarily linked to changes in the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Anomalous cross-equatorial flow induced by negative AMOC phases may have modulated not only the monsoon in South America but also affected El Nino-like conditions in the tropical Pacific during the Holocene.","author":null,"citation":"Nicolas M. Strikis, Francisco W. Cruz, Hai Cheng, Ivo Karmann, R. Lawrence Edwards, Mathias Vuille, Xianfeng Wang, Marcos S. de Paula, Valdir F. Novello, and Augusto S. Auler. 2011. \r\nAbrupt variations in South American monsoon rainfall during the Holocene based on a speleothem record from central-eastern Brazil. \r\nGeology, Vol. 39, No. 11, pp. 1075-1078. \r\nDOI: 10.1130/G32098.1\r\n","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1130/G32098.1","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G32098.1"},"issue":null,"journal":"Geology","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2011,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Abrupt variations in South American monsoon rainfall during the Holocene based on a speleothem record from central-eastern Brazil ","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["Monsoon","hydrology"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"54240","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-14.4227","-44.3656"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-44.3656","maxElevationMeters":null,"minElevationMeters":null,"northernmostLatitude":"-14.4227","southernmostLatitude":"-14.4227","westernmostLongitude":"-44.3656"}},"locationName":"Continent>South America>Brazil","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"23244","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/southamerica/brazil/lapagrande2011lg11.txt","linkText":"lapagrande2011lg11.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"LG11","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":10200,"earliestYearBP":10200,"earliestYearCE":-8250,"mostRecentYear":6210,"mostRecentYearBP":6210,"mostRecentYearCE":-4260,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"},{"NOAADataTableId":"23245","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth science>paleoclimate>speleothems>oxygen isotopes"],"fileUrl":"https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/southamerica/brazil/lapagrande2011lg3.txt","linkText":"lapagrande2011lg3.txt","urlDescription":"Speleothem","variables":[{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":null,"cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":null,"cvMethod":null,"cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"calendar kiloyear before present","cvWhat":"age variable>age"},{"cvAdditionalInfo":null,"cvDataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","cvDetail":"raw","cvError":null,"cvFormat":"Numeric","cvMaterial":"geological material>identified mineral>carbonate>calcium carbonate","cvMethod":"isotope ratio mass spectrometry","cvSeasonality":null,"cvShortName":null,"cvUnit":"per mil VPDB","cvWhat":"chemical composition>isotope>isotope ratio>delta 18O"}]}],"dataTableName":"LG3","dataTableNotes":null,"earliestYear":5870,"earliestYearBP":5870,"earliestYearCE":-3920,"mostRecentYear":1290,"mostRecentYearBP":1290,"mostRecentYearCE":660,"species":[],"timeUnit":"cal yr BP"}],"siteName":"Lapa Grande Cave"}],"studyCode":null,"studyName":"Lapa Grande Cave, Brazil Holocene Speleothem Oxygen Isotope Data","studyNotes":"Stable oxygen isotope record of LG3 and LG11 stalagmite from Lapa Grande cave, central-eastern Brazil. The Lapa Grande record spans from 1.3 to 10.2 kyr B.P. with a hiatus from 6.2 to 5.9 kyr B.P. ","version":"1.0","xmlId":"11581"}