{"NOAAStudyId":"13836","contactInfo":{"address":"325 Broadway, E/NE31","city":"Boulder","constraints":"Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.","country":"USA","dataCenterUrl":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data","email":"paleo@noaa.gov","fax":"303-497-6513","longName":"National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce ","phone":"303-497-6280","postalCode":"80305-3328","shortName":"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI","state":"CO","type":"CONTACT INFORMATION"},"contributionDate":"2013-02-14","dataPublisher":"NOAA","dataType":"SPELEOTHEMS","dataTypeInformation":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/datasets/speleothem","difMetadataLink":"http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/dif/xml/noaa-cave-13836.xml","doi":null,"earliestYearBP":246360,"earliestYearCE":-244410,"entryId":"noaa-cave-13836","funding":[{"fundingAgency":"US National Science Foundation","fundingGrant":"0502535, 1103404, 0823554, 1003690"},{"fundingAgency":"National Science Foundation of China ","fundingGrant":"NSFC 41230524, 2013CB955902"},{"fundingAgency":"Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation","fundingGrant":"CC8, CP52"}],"investigators":"Cheng, H.; Sinha, A.; Cruz, F.W.; Wang, X.; Edwards, R.L.; d'Horta, F.M.; Ribas, C.C.; Vuille, M.; Stott, L.D.; Auler, A.S.","mostRecentYearBP":290,"mostRecentYearCE":1660,"onlineResourceLink":"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/13836","originalSource":null,"publication":[{"abstract":"Precise characterization of hydroclimate variability in Amazonia on various timescales is critical to understanding the link between climate change and biodiversity. Here we present absolute-dated speleothem oxygen isotope records that characterize hydroclimate variation in western and eastern Amazonia over the past 250 and 20 ka, respectively. Although our records demonstrate the coherent millennial-scale precipitation variability across tropical-subtropical South America, the orbital-scale precipitation variability between western and eastern Amazonia exhibits a quasi-dipole pattern. During the last glacial period, our records imply a modest increase in precipitation amount in western Amazonia but a significant drying in eastern Amazonia, suggesting that higher biodiversity in western Amazonia, contrary to 'Refugia Hypothesis', is maintained under relatively stable climatic conditions. In contrast, the glacial-interglacial climatic perturbations might have been instances of loss rather than gain in biodiversity in eastern Amazonia, where forests may have been more susceptible to fragmentation in response to larger swings in hydroclimate.","author":null,"citation":"Hai Cheng, Ashish Sinha, Francisco W. Cruz, Xianfeng Wang, R. Lawrence Edwards, Fernando M. d'Horta, Camila C. Ribas, Mathias Vuille, Lowell D. Stott, and Augusto S. Auler. 2013. \r\nClimate change patterns in Amazonia and biodiversity. \r\nNature Communications, Vol. 4, 1411. \r\nDOI: 10.1038/ncomms2415","edition":null,"identifier":{"id":"10.1038/ncomms2415","type":"doi","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2415"},"issue":null,"journal":"Nature Communications","pages":null,"pubRank":"1","pubYear":2013,"reportNumber":null,"title":"Climate change patterns in Amazonia and biodiversity","type":"publication","volume":null}],"reconstruction":"N","scienceKeywords":["hydrology"],"site":[{"NOAASiteId":"54472","geo":{"geoType":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":["-5.93","-77.3"],"type":"POINT"},"properties":{"easternmostLongitude":"-77.3","maxElevationMeters":"860","minElevationMeters":"860","northernmostLatitude":"-5.93","southernmostLatitude":"-5.93","westernmostLongitude":"-77.3"}},"locationName":"Continent>South America>Peru","mappable":"Y","paleoData":[{"NOAADataTableId":"23542","coreLengthMeters":null,"dataFile":[{"NOAAKeywords":["earth 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